The purpose of investigation assessed the impacts of neonicotinoid thiamethoxam (TMX) at sublethal concentrations in hematological profile and renal function of Oreochromis niloticus. In the experiment, fish were exposed to TMX in four groups (0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm) for 7 days. At the end of the experiment, biochemical analysis of blood samples showed that the parameters indicating renal function showed a significant increase in serum enzymes ALT, AST, ALP and metabolites (BUN, urea, uric acid, creatinine and cortisol) concentrations, while albumin concentration decreased in a dose-dependent manner compared to the control group. In parallel with the decrease in Na⁺, K⁺ and Ca⁺² in blood ion levels, there was a significant decrease in the activity of Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase, Ca⁺² ATPase and AChE enzyme, levels of GSH and HSP70 in kidney tissue in TMX groups compared to the control group. It was determined that the toxic effect of TMX caused a significant increase in TBARS, PC, 8-OHdG levels, respectively. In conclusion, our study shows that TMX causes dose-dependent toxic effects, with knock-on effects on physiological processes regarding the hematological profile and renal function of O. niloticus.

研究目的是评估亚致死浓度的新烟碱类噻虫嗪(TMX) 对尼罗罗非鱼血液学特征和肾功能的影响。在实验中，鱼分为四组（0、50、100和150 ppm）暴露于TMX，持续7天。实验结束时，对血样进行生化分析，表明肾功能的参数显示，血清酶ALT、AST、ALP和代谢物（BUN、尿素、尿酸、肌酐和皮质醇）浓度显着升高，而白蛋白浓度则显着升高。与对照组相比，呈剂量依赖性下降。与血液中Na ⁺、K ⁺和Ca ^{+2离子水平}下降同时，Na ⁺ /K ⁺ ATP酶、Ca ⁺² ATP酶和AChE酶的活性、GSH和HSP70水平显着下降。 TMX 组的肾组织与对照组相比。确定 TMX 的毒性作用分别导致 TBARS、PC、8-OHdG 水平显着升高。总之，我们的研究表明，TMX 会引起剂量依赖性毒性作用，并对尼罗罗非鱼的血液学特征和肾功能等生理过程产生连锁反应。