β-Sitosteryl oleate, renowned for its diverse beneficial bioactivities, holds significant promise as a potential ingredient in functional foods. This study reports the superior performance of β-sitosteryl oleate facilitated by lipase UM1 (lipase from marine Streptomyces sp. W007, immobilized on XAD1180 resin) as a biocatalyst in a solvent-free system, in comparison to commercial enzymes Novozym 435 (lipase B from Candida antarctica, immobilized on a macroporous acrylic resin), Lipozyme TL IM (lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus, immobilized on a non-compressible silica gel carrier), and Lipozyme RM IM (lipase from Rhizomucor miehei, immobilized on a macroporous acrylic resin). Remarkably, an over 98% yield was achieved under the optimal conditions: a substrate molar ratio of β-sitosterol to oleic acid of 1:4, lipase loading of 150 U, and a reaction temperature of 60°C. The process exhibited substantial resilience and effectiveness, maintaining a degree of esterification above 95% even after five recycles. Following this, the synthesis was successfully scaled up by 100-fold, with the product isolated through molecular distillation and confirmed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analytical techniques. These results underscore lipase UM1 as a promising catalyst for the industrial-scale synthesis of β-sitosteryl oleate, fostering expanded avenues for its utilization in the functional food industry.

中文翻译：

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在无溶剂系统中使用高耐热性固定化脂肪酶有效生产 β-谷甾醇油酸酯

β-谷甾醇油酸酯以其多种有益的生物活性而闻名，作为功能性食品的潜在成分具有巨大的前景。本研究报道了脂肪酶 UM1（来自海洋链霉菌W007 的脂肪酶，固定在 XAD1180 树脂上）作为无溶剂系统中的生物催化剂促进的 β-谷甾醇油酸酯与商业酶 Novozym 435（来自海洋链霉菌 W007 的脂肪酶 B）相比具有优越的性能南极假丝酵母，固定在大孔丙烯酸树脂上）、Lipozyme TL IM（来自疏棉状嗜热丝孢菌的脂肪酶，固定在不可压缩的硅胶载体上）和 Lipozyme RM IM（来自米黑根毛霉的脂肪酶，固定在大孔丙烯酸树脂上）。值得注意的是，在最佳条件下（β-谷甾醇与油酸的底物摩尔比为1:4、脂肪酶负载量为150 U、反应温度为60°C），产率达到了98%以上。该工艺表现出巨大的弹性和有效性，即使在五次回收后，酯化度仍保持在 95% 以上。此后，合成成功扩大了100倍，通过分子蒸馏分离产物，并使用超高效液相色谱质谱（UPLC-MS）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）分析技术进行确认。这些结果强调了脂肪酶 UM1 作为工业规模合成 β-谷甾醇油酸酯的一种有前景的催化剂，为其在功能性食品行业中的利用开辟了广阔的途径。