Nitrogen-rich energetic materials based on five-membered azoles, such as tetrazoles, triazoles, oxadiazoles, pyrazoles, and imidazoles, have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their environmental compatibility while maintaining high performance. These materials, including explosives, propellants, and pyrotechnics, are designed to release energy rapidly and efficiently while minimizing the release of toxic or hazardous byproducts and have attracted potential applications in the defense and space industries. The presence of extensive NC, NN, and NN high energy bonds in azoles provides high enthalpies of formation and facilitates intermolecular interactions through π-stacking which may help with reducing sensitivity to external stimuli. Now, we report on the synthesis and energetic properties of N-(5-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)nitramide (5) and its energetic salts. These new high nitrogen–oxygen-containing materials have attractive feature applications of insensitivity and increased performance.

中文翻译：

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操纵平面恶二唑基高性能含能材料的灵敏度

近年来，基于五元唑类（例如四唑、三唑、恶二唑、吡唑和咪唑）的富氮含能材料由于其环境相容性同时保持高性能而受到广泛关注。这些材料，包括炸药、推进剂和烟火，旨在快速有效地释放能量，同时最大限度地减少有毒或危险副产品的释放，并在国防和航天工业中具有潜在的应用前景。唑类中广泛存在的 NC 、 NN和NN 高能键提供了高形成焓，并通过 π 堆积促进分子间相互作用，这可能有助于降低对外部刺激的敏感性。现在，我们报道了N- (5-(1 H-四唑-5-基)-1,3,4-恶二唑-2-基)硝酰胺( 5 )及其含能盐的合成和含能性质。这些新型高氮氧材料具有不敏感性和增强性能等极具吸引力的应用特点。