This review delved into the intricate relationship between the gastrointestinal microbiome and gastric cancer, particularly focusing on post-treatment alterations, notably following gastrectomy, and the effects of anticancer therapies. Following gastrectomy, analysis of fecal samples revealed an increased presence of oral cavity aerotolerant and bile acid-transforming bacteria in the intestine. Similar changes were observed in the gastric microbiome, highlighting significant alterations in taxon abundance and emphasizing the reciprocal interaction between the oral and gastric microbiomes. In contrast, the impact of chemotherapy and immunotherapy on the gut microbiome was subtle, although discernible differences were noted between treatment responders and non-responders. Certain bacterial taxa showed promise as potential prognostic markers. Notably, probiotics emerged as a promising approach for postgastrectomy recovery, displaying the capacity to alleviate inflammation, bolster immune responses, and maintain a healthy gut microbiome. Several strains, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Clostridium butyricum, exhibited favorable outcomes in postoperative patients, suggesting their potential roles in comprehensive patient care. In conclusion, understanding the intricate interplay between the gastrointestinal microbiome and gastric cancer treatment offers prospects for predicting responses and enhancing postoperative recovery. Probiotics, with their positive impact on inflammation and immunity, have emerged as potential adjuncts in patient care. Continued research is imperative to fully harness the potential of microbiome-based interventions in the management of gastric cancer.

中文翻译：

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揭开胃肠道微生物交响曲：深入了解胃癌后治疗微生物模式和潜在的治疗途径。

这篇综述深入探讨了胃肠道微生物群与胃癌之间的复杂关系，特别关注治疗后的变化，特别是胃切除术后的变化，以及抗癌治疗的效果。胃切除术后，粪便样本分析显示，肠道中口腔耐氧细菌和胆汁酸转化细菌的数量增加。在胃微生物组中也观察到了类似的变化，突出了分类群丰度的显着变化，并强调了口腔和胃微生物组之间的相互作用。相比之下，化疗和免疫疗法对肠道微生物群的影响是微妙的，尽管治疗反应者和无反应者之间存在明显的差异。某些细菌类群有望作为潜在的预后标志物。值得注意的是，益生菌成为胃切除术后恢复的一种有前途的方法，显示出减轻炎症、增强免疫反应和维持健康肠道微生物群的能力。包括双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌和丁酸梭菌在内的几种菌株在术后患者中表现出良好的结果，表明它们在综合患者护理中的潜在作用。总之，了解胃肠道微生物群与胃癌治疗之间复杂的相互作用为预测反应和促进术后恢复提供了前景。益生菌对炎症和免疫具有积极影响，已成为患者护理的潜在辅助手段。必须继续进行研究，以充分利用基于微生物组的干预措施在胃癌治疗中的潜力。