The management of the daily rhythm of work and childrearing, two central responsibilities of working fathers, has received limited research attention. Drawing from an expanded self-regulation perspective, this study seeks to understand the within-person depletion and compensation mechanisms that explain how fathers' daily work experiences spillover to influence their next-day parenting interactions. We also posit that actual childrearing support by mothers and its unavailability may shape fathers' day-to-day caregiving rhythm by injecting resources and/or cuing demands for father parenting involvement. Using daily triadic data (N = 631 within-person observations) from 96 fathers, mothers and their adolescent children in the United States, we found that the lagged relationship between fathers' negative work events and next-day father–adolescent conflict was mediated by fathers' psychological distress. In addition, we found that negative work events were associated with increased father–adolescent routine activities the next day via time-based work–family conflict, but only when mothers worked the next day. We further found that negative work events were associated with decreased father–adolescent interactive activities the next day via psychological distress, but only when mothers provided less routine care than normal the next day. Our study portrays fathers juggling work and parenting as a sequenced balancing act. Importantly, incorporating mothers' daily work status and routine parent–adolescent interactions enriches our understanding of fathers' daily work-to-parenting spillover process.

中文翻译：

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工作如何影响父亲与青少年的日常互动？扩大自律视角

工作和育儿的日常节奏管理是职业父亲的两项核心职责，但受到的研究关注有限。这项研究从扩展的自我调节角度出发，试图了解人体内的耗竭和补偿机制，解释父亲的日常工作如何溢出影响他们第二天的育儿互动。我们还认为，母亲的实际育儿支持及其不可用可能会通过注入资源和/或提示父亲参与育儿的需求来影响父亲的日常护理节奏。使用 美国 96 名父亲、母亲及其青春期子女的每日三元数据（N = 631 个人观察），我们发现父亲的消极工作事件与第二天的父亲与青少年冲突之间的滞后关系是通过父亲的心理困扰。此外，我们发现，消极工作事件通过基于时间的工作与家庭冲突，与父亲与青少年第二天日常活动的增加有关，但仅限于母亲第二天工作的情况。我们进一步发现，消极的工作事件通过心理困扰与第二天父亲与青少年互动活动的减少有关，但前提是母亲第二天提供的日常护理少于正常情况。我们的研究将父亲在工作和养育子女之间的兼顾描述为一种有序的平衡行为。重要的是，将母亲的日常工作状态和日常父母与青少年的互动结合起来可以丰富我们对父亲日常工作到养育子女的溢出过程的理解。