Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality. Screening can result in reductions in incidence and mortality, but there are many challenges to uptake and follow-up. Content Here, we will review the changing epidemiology of CRC, including increasing trends for early and later onset CRC; evidence to support current and emerging screening strategies, including noninvasive stool and blood-based tests; key challenges to ensuring uptake and high-quality screening; and the critical role that clinical laboratories can have in supporting health system and public health efforts to reduce the burden of CRC on the population. Summary Clinical laboratories have the opportunity to play a seminal role in optimizing early detection and prevention of CRC.

中文翻译：

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结直肠癌筛查：临床实验室的作用

背景结直肠癌（CRC）是癌症发病率和死亡率的主要原因。筛查可以降低发病率和死亡率，但接受和随访仍面临许多挑战。内容在这里，我们将回顾结直肠癌流行病学的变化，包括早发型和晚发型结直肠癌的增加趋势；支持当前和新兴筛查策略的证据，包括无创粪便和血液检测；确保采用和高质量筛查的主要挑战；以及临床实验室在支持卫生系统和公共卫生努力以减轻结直肠癌给人口造成的负担方面可以发挥的关键作用。摘要 临床实验室有机会在优化 CRC 的早期检测和预防方面发挥重要作用。