Background: In the first months of the pandemic, prior to the introduction of proven-effective treatments, 15 to 37% of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were discharged on home oxygen. After proven-effective treatments for acute COVID-19 were established by evidence-based guidelines, little is known about home oxygen requirements following hospitalization for COVID-19.Methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter cohort study of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between October 2020 and September 2021 at three academic health centers. Information was abstracted from electronic health records at the index hospitalization and for 60 days after discharge. The World Health Organization COVID-19 Clinical Progression Scale score was used to identify patients with severe COVID-19.Results: Of 517 patients (mean age 58 years, 47% female, 42% Black, 36% Hispanic, 22% with severe COVID-19), 81% were treated with systemic corticosteroids, 61% with remdesivir, and 2.5% with tocilizumab. About one-quarter of patients were discharged on home oxygen (26%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 22-29%). Older age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.02 per 5 years, 95% CI: 1.02-1.02), higher body mass index (aOR = 1.02 per kg/m²; 1.00-1.04), diabetes (yes vs. no; aOR = 1.73, 1.46-2.02), severe COVID-19 (vs. moderate; aOR = 3.19, 2.19-4.64), and treatment with systemic corticosteroids (yes vs. no; aOR 30.63, 4.51-208.17) were associated with an increased odds of discharge on home oxygen. Comorbid hypertension (yes vs. no; aOR = 0.71, 0.66-0.77) was associated with a decreased odds of home oxygen. Within 60 days of hospital discharge, 50% had documentation of pulse oximetry; in this group, home oxygen was discontinued in 46%.Conclusions: About one in four are prescribed home oxygen after hospitalization for COVID-19, even after guidelines established proven-effective treatments for acute illness. Evidence based strategies to reduce the requirement for home oxygen in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 are needed.

中文翻译：

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因 COVID-19 住院后的家庭氧气：多中心牛津研究的结果。

背景：在大流行的头几个月，在引入行之有效的治疗方法之前，15% 至 37% 的 COVID-19 住院患者依靠家庭吸氧出院。根据循证指南制定了经证实有效的急性 COVID-19 治疗方法后，人们对因 COVID-19 住院后的家庭氧气需求知之甚少。方法：这是一项回顾性、多中心队列研究，研究对象为 2020 年 10 月至 2021 年 9 月期间在三个学术健康中心因 COVID-19 住院的患者。信息是从入院时和出院后 60 天内的电子健康记录中提取的。世界卫生组织 COVID-19 临床进展量表评分用于识别重症 COVID-19 患者。结果： 517 名患者（平均年龄 58 岁，47% 女性，42% 黑人，36% 西班牙裔，22% 患有重症 COVID-19）中，81% 接受全身皮质类固醇治疗，61% 接受瑞德西韦治疗，2.5% 接受托珠单抗治疗。大约四分之一的患者出院时靠家庭吸氧（26%，95% 置信区间 [CI]：22-29%）。年龄较大（调整后比值比 [aOR] = 1.02 每 5 年，95% CI：1.02-1.02）、较高体重指数（aOR = 1.02 每 kg/m ²；1.00-1.04）、糖尿病（是与否； aOR = 1.73、1.46-2.02）、重度 COVID-19（与中度；aOR = 3.19、2.19-4.64）和全身性皮质类固醇治疗（是与否；aOR 30.63、4.51-208.17）与使用家庭氧气出院的几率。合并高血压（是与否；aOR = 0.71、0.66-0.77）与家庭吸氧几率降低相关。出院后 60 天内，50% 的人有脉搏血氧饱和度记录；在该组中，46% 的人停止了家庭供氧。结论：即使在指导方针制定了行之有效的急性疾病治疗方法后，仍有约四分之一的人在因 COVID-19 住院后接受家庭氧气治疗。需要采取基于证据的策略来减少因 COVID-19 住院的患者对家庭氧气的需求。