According to the subordinate male target hypothesis (SMTH), racism is based on an ethnicity-by-gender interaction, with a stronger link between experiencing racist discrimination and subordinate or dominant ethnic group status for men compared to women. This study reevaluates the SMTH, originally focused on objective discrimination, by applying it to self-reported active harm as a theoretically derived measure of racist discrimination and by exploring interindividual differences in female ethnic minority members' discriminatory experiences. We proposed that social dominance orientation (SDO) among female ethnic minorities would influence SMTH predictions. We tested this using multiple linear regression analyses among a sample of New Zealand Europeans as the majority in New Zealand and non-Europeans as the minority. As hypothesized, male non-Europeans reported disproportionally more active harm than female non-Europeans. Unexpectedly, not only female but also male, non-Europeans high in SDO reported more active harm than non-Europeans low in SDO. Therefore, applied to self-reported racist experiences, oppression of ethnic minorities is driven by interindividual differences rather than by gender. Together, these findings provide evidence that the SMTH cannot be unreservedly extended to reports of racist discrimination and that other processes may underlie these subjective experiences of discrimination that need to be considered in more detail.

中文翻译：

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如果她这样做了，那就该死：从属男性目标假设和对社会占主导地位的女性少数成员的歧视

根据从属男性目标假说（SMTH），种族主义是基于种族与性别之间的相互作用，与女性相比，男性遭受种族主义歧视与从属或主导种族群体地位之间的联系更紧密。本研究重新评估了最初关注客观歧视的 SMTH，将其应用于自我报告的主动伤害，作为理论上推导的种族主义歧视衡量标准，并探讨了少数族裔女性成员遭受歧视经历的个体差异。我们提出，少数族裔女性的社会支配取向（SDO）会影响 SMTH 的预测。我们使用多重线性回归分析来测试这一点，其中新西兰欧洲人为新西兰的大多数，非欧洲人为少数。正如假设的那样，男性非欧洲人报告的主动伤害比女性非欧洲人要高得多。出乎意料的是，不仅女性，而且男性，SDO 高的非欧洲人比 SDO 低的非欧洲人报告的主动伤害更大。因此，应用到自我报告的种族主义经历中，对少数民族的压迫是由个体差异而不是性别驱动的。总之，这些发现提供的证据表明，SMTH 不能毫无保留地扩展到种族主义歧视的报告，并且其他过程可能是这些主观歧视经历的基础，需要更详细地考虑。