Background

The period following pregnancy is a critical time window when future habits with respect to physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) are established; therefore, it warrants guidance. The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize public health-oriented country-specific postpartum PA and SB guidelines worldwide.

Methods

To identify guidelines published from 2013–2023, we performed a (a) systematic search of 4 databases (CINAHL, Global Health, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus), (b) structured repeatable web-based search separately for 194 countries, and (c) separate web-based search. Only the most recent guideline was included for each country.

Results

We identified 22 countries with public health-oriented postpartum guidelines for PA and 11 countries with SB guidelines. The continents with guidelines included Europe (n = 12), Asia (n = 5), Oceania (n = 2), Africa (n = 1), North America (n = 1), and South America (n = 1). The most common benefits recorded for PA included weight control/management (n = 10), reducing the risk of postpartum depression or depressive symptoms (n = 9), and improving mood/well-being (n = 8). Postpartum guidelines specified exercises to engage in, including pelvic floor exercises (n = 17); muscle strengthening, weight training, or resistance exercises (n = 13); aerobics/general aerobic activity (n = 13); walking (n = 11); cycling (n = 9); and swimming (n = 9). Eleven guidelines remarked on the interaction between PA and breastfeeding; several guidelines stated that PA did not impact breast milk quantity (n = 7), breast milk quality (n = 6), or infant growth (n = 3). For SB, suggestions included limiting long-term sitting and interrupting sitting with PA.

Conclusions

Country-specific postpartum guidelines for PA and SB can help promote healthy behaviors using a culturally appropriate context while providing specific guidance to public health practitioners.

中文翻译：

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世界各地产后体力活动和久坐行为公共卫生指南综述

背景

怀孕后的时期是建立未来体力活动（PA）和久坐行为（SB）习惯的关键时间窗口；因此，它值得指导。本次范围审查的目的是总结全球以公共卫生为导向的特定国家产后 PA 和 SB 指南。

方法

为了确定 2013 年至 2023 年发布的指南，我们对 4 个数据库（CINAHL、Global Health、PubMed 和 SPORTDiscus）进行了系统检索，(b) 分别针对 194 个国家/地区进行了结构化可重复的基于网络的检索，以及 (c)单独的基于网络的搜索。仅包含每个国家/地区的最新指南。

结果

我们确定了 22 个国家制定了以公共卫生为导向的 PA 产后指南，11 个国家制定了 SB 指南。制定指南的大洲包括欧洲 ( n  = 12)、亚洲 ( n  = 5)、大洋洲 ( n  = 2)、非洲 ( n  = 1)、北美洲 ( n  = 1) 和南美洲 ( n  = 1)。PA 最常见的益处包括体重控制/管理 ( n  = 10)、降低产后抑郁或抑郁症状的风险 ( n  = 9) 以及改善情绪/幸福感 ( n  = 8)。产后指南指定了要进行的锻炼，包括骨盆底锻炼（n  = 17）；肌肉强化、重量训练或阻力练习（n  = 13）；有氧运动/一般有氧活动（n  = 13）；步行（n  = 11）；骑自行车（n  = 9）；和游泳（n  = 9）。十一项指南评论了 PA 与母乳喂养之间的相互作用；一些指南指出，PA 不会影响母乳数量 ( n  = 7)、母乳质量 ( n  = 6) 或婴儿生长 ( n  = 3)。对于 SB，建议包括限制长时间久坐并使用 PA 中断久坐。

结论

针对特定国家/地区的 PA 和 SB 产后指南可以帮助利用文化上适当的背景促进健康行为，同时为公共卫生从业者提供具体指导。