This article considers how the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) and the Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU)—the two main African nationalist groups in the rebel British colony of Rhodesia—sought to undermine the White minority government of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) era in Rhodesia by denouncing it in their propaganda as “Nazi,” “fascist,” and “genocidal.” The author argues that ZANU and ZAPU built on ideas already put forth in the international arena. In doing so, they were able to develop the conception of colonialism as a fascist and genocidal system of government. Charges of fascism and genocide, as well as antiracism and anticolonialism, were central to ZANU’s and ZAPU’s political platform and their historical narrative of colonialism. The White population of Rhodesia, however, was proud of their record during the Second World War, and for African nationalists to equate them with the Nazis was to upend a major aspect of their identity. Through a discussion of these issues, this article studies the important role that these concepts played in one of the most significant anticolonial conflicts of the postwar period.

中文翻译：

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纳粹主义、法西斯主义和种族灭绝是 1965 年至 1980 年对抗罗得西亚战争期间非洲民族联盟和非洲民族联盟宣传的主题

本文探讨了津巴布韦非洲民族联盟 (ZANU) 和津巴布韦非洲人民联盟 (ZAPU)——英国反叛殖民地罗得西亚的两个主要非洲民族主义团体——如何试图破坏单方面独立宣言的白人少数政府。他们在宣传中谴责罗德西亚的 UDI）时代是“纳粹”、“法西斯”和“种族灭绝”。作者认为，非洲民族联盟和非洲民族联盟是建立在国际舞台上已经提出的想法的基础上的。通过这样做，他们能够将殖民主义概念发展​​为法西斯和种族灭绝的政府制度。法西斯主义和种族灭绝以及反种族主义和反殖民主义的指控是非洲民族联盟和非洲民族联盟的政治纲领及其对殖民主义历史叙述的核心。然而，罗德西亚的白人对他们在第二次世界大战期间的记录感到自豪，而非洲民族主义者将他们与纳粹等同起来，这在很大程度上颠覆了他们身份的一个重要方面。通过对这些问题的讨论，本文研究了这些概念在战后最重要的反殖民冲突之一中所发挥的重要作用。