Suspension syndrome describes a multifactorial cardio-circulatory collapse during passive hanging on a rope or in a harness system in a vertical or near-vertical position. The pathophysiology is still debated controversially. The International Commission for Mountain Emergency Medicine (ICAR MedCom) performed a scoping review to identify all articles with original epidemiological and medical data to understand the pathophysiology of suspension syndrome and develop updated recommendations for the definition, prevention, and management of suspension syndrome. A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane library. The bibliographies of the eligible articles for this review were additionally screened. The online literature search yielded 210 articles, scanning of the references yielded another 30 articles. Finally, 23 articles were included into this work. Suspension Syndrome is a rare entity. A neurocardiogenic reflex may lead to bradycardia, arterial hypotension, loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest. Concomitant causes, such as pain from being suspended, traumatic injuries and accidental hypothermia may contribute to the development of the Suspension Syndrome. Preventive factors include using a well-fitting sit harness, which does not cause discomfort while being suspended, and activating the muscle pump of the legs. Expediting help to extricate the suspended person is key. In a peri-arrest situation, the person should be positioned supine and standard advanced life support should be initiated immediately. Reversible causes of cardiac arrest caused or aggravated by suspension syndrome, e.g., hyperkalaemia, pulmonary embolism, hypoxia, and hypothermia, should be considered. In the hospital, blood and further exams should assess organ injuries caused by suspension syndrome.

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悬吊综合症：国际山地急救医学委员会 (ICAR MEDCOM) 的范围审查和建议

悬吊综合症是指在垂直或接近垂直位置被动悬挂在绳索或安全带系统中时出现的多因素心循环衰竭。其病理生理学仍存在争议。国际山地急救医学委员会 (ICAR MedCom) 进行了范围界定审查，以确定所有具有原始流行病学和医学数据的文章，以了解悬吊综合症的病理生理学，并为悬吊综合症的定义、预防和管理制定最新建议。在 PubMed、Embase、Web of Science 和 Cochrane 图书馆进行了文献检索。本次审查符合条件的文章的参考书目也进行了额外筛选。在线文献检索得到 210 篇文章，扫描参考文献又得到 30 篇文章。最终，23篇文章被纳入这项工作。悬吊综合症是一种罕见的疾病。神经心源性反射可能导致心动过缓、动脉低血压、意识丧失和心脏骤停。伴随的原因，例如悬挂引起的疼痛、外伤和意外体温过低，可能会导致悬挂综合症的发生。预防因素包括使用合身的坐式安全带（在悬挂时不会引起不适）以及激活腿部的肌肉泵。加快帮助解救被停职人员是关键。在逮捕前的情况下，应将人员置于仰卧位，并立即启动标准的高级生命支持。应考虑由悬吊综合征引起或加重的心脏骤停的可逆原因，例如高钾血症、肺栓塞、缺氧和体温过低。在医院，血液和进一步的检查应该评估悬吊综合症引起的器官损伤。