The human microbiome has emerged as a key player in maintaining skin health, and dysbiosis has been linked to various skin disorders. Amidst growing concerns regarding the side effects of antibiotic treatments, the potential of live biotherapeutic products (LBPs) in restoring a healthy microbiome has garnered significant attention. This review aims to evaluate the current state of the art of the genetically or metabolically engineered LBPs, termed single-cell engineered LBPs (eLBPs), for skin repair and disease treatment. While some studies demonstrate promising outcomes, the translation of eLBPs into clinical applications remains a significant hurdle. Substantial concerns arise regarding the practical implementation and scalability of eLBPs, despite the evident potential they hold in targeting specific cells and delivering therapeutic agents. This review underscores the need for further research, robust clinical trials, and the exploration of current advances in eLBP-based bioengineered bacterial chassis and new outlooks to substantiate the viability and effectiveness of eLBPs as a transformative approach in skin repair and disease intervention.

人类微生物群已成为维持皮肤健康的关键角色，而菌群失调与各种皮肤疾病有关。随着人们越来越担心抗生素治疗的副作用，活生物治疗产品 (LBP) 在恢复健康微生物组方面的潜力引起了人们的广泛关注。本综述旨在评估用于皮肤修复和疾病治疗的基因或代谢工程 LBP（称为单细胞工程 LBP（eLBP））的当前技术水平。虽然一些研究显示出有希望的结果，但将 eLBP 转化为临床应用仍然是一个重大障碍。尽管 eLBP 在靶向特定细胞和递送治疗药物方面具有明显的潜力，但人们对 eLBP 的实际实施和可扩展性仍存在很大的担忧。本综述强调需要进一步研究、稳健的临床试验、探索基于 eLBP 的生物工程细菌底盘的当前进展以及新的前景，以证实 eLBP 作为皮肤修复和疾病干预的变革性方法的可行性和有效性。