This article analyzes how Finnish Jews defined their position during the Second World War when Finland fought against the Soviet Union as a co-belligerent of Nazi Germany. After the Moscow Armistice in September 1944, the Jewish community’s leadership created an official narrative that transformed the community’s travails into a positive experience. They wanted to signal to the Allied forces and Jewish communities worldwide that their rights had not been violated during the war, even though Finland had been de facto allied with Nazi Germany. By doing so, they suppressed knowledge of the treatment of Jewish refugees and their deportations, as well as of their own volatile positions during the war. By inviting Marshal Mannerheim to the Helsinki synagogue in December 1944, the community helped forge Mannerheim into a national hero by honoring him for saving the Finnish Jewish community from the Holocaust. In addition, this article examines how Finnish Jews commemorated Holocaust victims vis-à-vis the commemoration of fallen Jewish soldiers in the transnational Jewish (survivor) community in the immediate postwar years.

中文翻译：

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在芬兰纪念大屠杀：犹太社区和相互冲突的忠诚，1944-1950 年代

本文分析了第二次世界大战期间芬兰作为纳粹德国的参战国对抗苏联时芬兰犹太人如何定义自己的立场。1944 年 9 月莫斯科停战后，犹太社区的领导层创造了一种官方叙述，将社区的痛苦转变为积极的经历。他们想向盟军和世界各地的犹太社区发出信号，表明他们的权利在战争期间没有受到侵犯，尽管芬兰实际上与纳粹德国结盟。通过这样做，他们压制了有关犹太难民的待遇和驱逐的信息，以及他们自己在战争期间不稳定的立场。1944 年 12 月，社区邀请曼纳海姆元帅来到赫尔辛基犹太教堂，表彰他拯救芬兰犹太社区免遭大屠杀，从而将曼纳海姆塑造成民族英雄。此外，本文还探讨了战后几年芬兰犹太人如何纪念大屠杀受害者，以及如何纪念跨国犹太人（幸存者）社区中阵亡的犹太士兵。