The urgency to address the environmental impacts of the building sector, particularly emissions allocated to building operation, necessitates immediate, informed action. Occupant behaviour is a known driver of building operational emissions. Use of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices holds great potential in mitigating and distributing occupancy-driven energy demand, ultimately aiming for net-zero emissions. However, a full accounting of the environmental impacts and advantages is still lacking. As the adoption of IoT scales up, what will be the environmental impact of the tools used, from sensor life cycle to data storage? This study reviews the interdisciplinary literature on life cycle assessment (LCA) of IoT in buildings, encompassing emissions from pre-deployment to end-of-life, as well as savings from reduced building operational emissions. This opens a vital discourse on the opportunities and challenges of building-related IoT.

解决建筑行业的环境影响的紧迫性，特别是分配给建筑运营的排放量，需要立即采取明智的行动。居住者行为是建筑运营排放的已知驱动因素。物联网 (IoT) 设备的使用在缓解和分配占用驱动的能源需求方面具有巨大潜力，最终目标是实现净零排放。然而，仍然缺乏对环境影响和优势的全面核算。随着物联网的采用规模不断扩大，从传感器生命周期到数据存储，所使用的工具将对环境产生哪些影响？本研究回顾了有关建筑物物联网生命周期评估 (LCA) 的跨学科文献，包括从部署前到使用寿命结束的排放，以及减少建筑运营排放所节省的排放量。这开启了关于建筑相关物联网机遇和挑战的重要讨论。