This paper introduces a novel system designed to convey the three-dimensional positions surrounding the user. The system incorporates circumferential vibrotactile arrays strategically positioned on both the user's head and waist. Through the synergy of this two-dimensional arrangement and modulations in vibration amplitude, the system adeptly presents comprehensive three-dimensional positional information. Two prototypes, namely a spherical model and a cylindrical model, were employed as mappings between three-dimensional positions and vibration amplitudes. In Experiment 1, we evaluated the system's performance in indicating positions in depth, orientation, and height. Notably, discrimination rates for depth (Task 1) and orientation (Task 2) were 60% and 54%, respectively. Regarding height discrimination in the head-to-waist condition (Tasks 3 and 4), the cylindrical model outperformed the spherical model (54% and 52% vs. 32% and 36%). Conversely, in the head-above and waist-below condition (Task 5), the cylindrical model achieved a discrimination rate of 45%, while the spherical model did not. In Experiment 2, we explored the use of the cylindrical model to convey a moving three-dimensional position. The results showed an impressive 81% correct response rate, affirming the system's effectiveness in presenting three-dimensional motion stimuli.

中文翻译：

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通过头部和腰部振动触觉阵列呈现三维位置。

本文介绍了一种新颖的系统，旨在传达用户周围的三维位置。该系统采用了周向振动触觉阵列，战略性地定位在用户的头部和腰部。通过这种二维排列和振动幅度调制的协同作用，系统巧妙地呈现了全面的三维位置信息。采用两个原型，即球形模型和圆柱形模型，作为三维位置和振动幅度之间的映射。在实验 1 中，我们评估了系统在指示深度、方向和高度位置方面的性能。值得注意的是，深度（任务 1）和方向（任务 2）的辨别率分别为 60% 和 54%。关于头到腰条件下的高度辨别（任务 3 和 4），圆柱形模型优于球形模型（54% 和 52% vs. 32% 和 36%）。相反，在头以上和腰以下的情况下（任务5），圆柱形模型实现了45%的辨别率，而球形模型则没有。在实验 2 中，我们探索了使用圆柱模型来传达移动的三维位置。结果显示，正确响应率为 81%，令人印象深刻，证实了系统在呈现三维运动刺激方面的有效性。