The importance of interpersonal touch for social well-being is widely recognized, and haptic technology offers a promising avenue for augmenting these interactions. We presented smart bracelets that use vibrotactile feedback to augment social interactions, such as handshakes, by transmitting vibrations between two people. This work conducts mechanical and perceptual experiments to investigate key factors affecting the delivery of interpersonal vibrotactile feedback via bracelets. Our results show that low-frequency vibrations elicited through tangential actuation are efficiently transmitted from the wrist to the hand, with amplitude varying based on distance, frequency, and actuation direction. We also found that vibrations transmitted to different locations on the hand can be felt by a second person, with perceptual intensity correlated with oscillation magnitude at the touched location. Additionally, we demonstrate how wrist-interfaced devices can elicit spatial vibration patterns throughout the hand surface, which can be manipulated by the frequency and direction of actuation at the wrist. Our experiments provide important insights into the human factors associated with interpersonal vibrotactile feedback and have significant implications for the design of technologies that promote social well-being.

中文翻译：

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通过智能手环进行振动触觉反馈的人际传输：力学和感知。

人际接触对于社会福祉的重要性已得到广泛认可，而触觉技术为增强这些互动提供了一条有前景的途径。我们展示了智能手环，它使用振动触觉反馈通过在两个人之间传递振动来增强社交互动，例如握手。这项工作进行了机械和感知实验，以研究影响通过手环传递人际振动触觉反馈的关键因素。我们的结果表明，通过切向致动引起的低频振动可以有效地从手腕传输到手，其振幅根据距离、频率和致动方向而变化。我们还发现，传输到手上不同位置的振动可以被第二个人感觉到，感知强度与触摸位置的振动幅度相关。此外，我们还演示了腕部接口设备如何在整个手部表面引发空间振动模式，该模式可以通过腕部驱动的频率和方向进行操纵。我们的实验为与人际振动触觉反馈相关的人为因素提供了重要的见解，并对促进社会福祉的技术设计具有重要意义。