Inflammatory bowel disease lacks a long-lasting and broadly effective therapy. Here, by taking advantage of the anti-infection and anti-inflammatory properties of natural antibodies against the small-molecule epitope phosphorylcholine (PC), we show in multiple mouse models of colitis that immunization of the animals with self-assembling supramolecular peptide nanofibres bearing PC epitopes induced sustained levels of anti-PC antibodies that were both protective and therapeutic. The strength and type of immune responses elicited by the nanofibres could be controlled through the relative valency of PC epitopes and exogenous T-cell epitopes on the nanofibres and via the addition of the adjuvant CpG. The nanomaterial-assisted induction of the production of therapeutic antibodies may represent a durable therapy for inflammatory bowel disease.

炎症性肠病缺乏持久且广泛有效的治疗方法。在这里，通过利用针对小分子表位磷酸胆碱（PC）的天然抗体的抗感染和抗炎特性，我们在多种结肠炎小鼠模型中证明，用带有自组装超分子肽纳米纤维的动物进行免疫接种PC表位诱导持续水平的抗PC抗体，该抗体具有保护性和治疗性。纳米纤维引发的免疫反应的强度和类型可以通过纳米纤维上PC表位和外源T细胞表位的相对价以及通过添加佐剂CpG来控制。纳米材料辅助诱导治疗性抗体的产生可能代表了炎症性肠病的持久疗法。