Childhood and young adult survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma are at an elevated risk of developing breast cancer. Breast cancer risk is felt to originate from chest wall radiation exposure prior to the third decade of life, with incidence beginning to rise approximately eight to ten years following Hodgkin lymphoma treatment. Although incidence varies according to age at radiation exposure, dosage, and treatment fields, cohort studies have documented a cumulative incidence of breast cancer of 10–20% by 40 years of age. Women with a history of chest radiation for Hodgkin lymphoma are counselled to begin screening with bilateral breast MRI at 25 years of age, or eight years after radiation, whichever occurs later. Outside of high-risk surveillance, the optimal management approach for women with prior radiation exposure continues to evolve. When diagnosed with breast malignancy, evidence supports consideration of unilateral therapeutic and contralateral prophylactic mastectomy, although breast conserving surgery may be considered following multidisciplinary assessment. This review will address the epidemiology, characteristics, screening and management guidelines, and breast-cancer prevention efforts for Hodgkin lymphoma survivors treated with radiation therapy in adolescence and young adulthood.

霍奇金淋巴瘤的儿童和青年幸存者患乳腺癌的风险较高。人们认为乳腺癌风险源于三岁之前的胸壁辐射暴露，霍奇金淋巴瘤治疗后约八到十年发病率开始上升。尽管发病率根据辐射暴露年龄、剂量和治疗领域而有所不同，但队列研究已记录到 40 岁时乳腺癌的累积发病率为 10-20%。建议有霍奇金淋巴瘤胸部放射史的女性在 25 岁时或放射后八年（以较晚者为准）开始进行双侧乳腺 MRI 筛查。除了高风险监测之外，针对既往曾接触过辐射的女性的最佳管理方法也在不断发展。当诊断患有乳腺恶性肿瘤，证据支持考虑单侧治疗性乳房切除术和对侧预防性乳房切除术，尽管在多学科评估后可以考虑保乳手术。本综述将讨论青春期和成年早期接受放射治疗的霍奇金淋巴瘤幸存者的流行病学、特征、筛查和管理指南以及乳腺癌预防工作。