OBJECTIVE People with substance use disorders (SUDs) are faced with pervasive stigma. Education-based interventions tend to emphasize biological causes of dependency; however, health care professionals still stigmatize people who use substances despite being more knowledgeable about biological causes. There may be an important moderating role of personal contact since health care professionals may treat people in the throes of dependency. METHOD We tested how substance use stigma may be explained by causal attributions, working in health care, and personal contact. A nationally representative sample of the U.S. general population (N = 6,812) was collected with targeted oversampling of health care professionals (N = 788). Using a vignette paradigm, desire for social distance was measured along with causal attributions and contact. RESULTS Health care professionals were no less stigmatizing than the general population. However, attributing substance dependency to bad character was robustly associated with stigma, but these beliefs were moderated by the interaction between working in health care and contact. Mediation decomposition confirmed that contact transmitted its effect by lowering bad character attributions, and this mediation was significantly stronger for health care professionals. CONCLUSIONS Health care professionals and the general population may hold similar levels of stigma when accounting for attributions, and personal contact plays an important role. We discuss the implications of these results for stigma-reduction campaigns and emphasize deconstructing personal culpability narratives surrounding substance use disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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接触通过不良品格归因减少了药物滥用的耻辱，特别是对于美国医疗保健专业人员而言。

目标 患有物质使用障碍 (SUD) 的人面临着普遍的耻辱。以教育为基础的干预措施往往强调依赖性的生物学原因；然而，尽管医疗保健专业人员对生物原因更加了解，但他们仍然对使用药物的人感到羞辱。由于医疗保健专业人员可能会治疗处于依赖痛苦中的人，因此个人接触可能会发挥重要的调节作用。方法 我们测试了如何通过因果归因、医疗保健工作和个人接触来解释药物使用耻辱。通过对医疗保健专业人员 (N = 788) 进行有针对性的过采样，收集了具有全国代表性的美国普通人群样本 (N = 6,812)。使用小插图范式，对社交距离的渴望以及因果归因和接触进行了测量。结果 医疗保健专业人员所受到的耻辱并不比普通民众少。然而，将物质依赖归因于不良品格与耻辱密切相关，但这些信念受到医疗保健工作和接触之间的相互作用的影响。中介分解证实，接触通过降低不良性格归因来传递其影响，并且这种中介作用对于医疗保健专业人员来说明显更强。结论 在考虑归因时，医疗保健专业人员和普通大众可能持有相似程度的耻辱感，而个人接触起着重要作用。我们讨论了这些结果对减少耻辱运动的影响，并强调解构围绕药物使用障碍的个人罪责叙述。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。