This investigation explores memory performance using the California Verbal Learning Test in relation to morphometric and connectivity measures of the memory network in severe traumatic brain injury. Twenty-two adolescents with severe traumatic brain injury were recruited for multimodal MRI scanning 1–2 years post-injury at 13 participating sites. Analyses included hippocampal volume derived from anatomical T1-weighted imaging, fornix white matter microstructure from diffusion tensor imaging, and hippocampal resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging connectivity as well as diffusion-based structural connectivity. A typically developing control cohort of forty-nine age-matched children also underwent scanning and neurocognitive assessment. Results showed hippocampus volume was decreased in traumatic brain injury with respect to controls. Further, hippocampal volume loss was associated with worse performance on memory and learning in traumatic brain injury subjects. Similarly, hippocampal fornix fractional anisotropy was reduced in traumatic brain injury with respect to controls, while decreased fractional anisotropy in the hippocampal fornix also was associated with worse performance on memory and learning in traumatic brain injury subjects. Additionally, reduced structural connectivity of left hippocampus to thalamus and calcarine sulcus was associated with memory and learning in traumatic brain injury subjects. Functional connectivity in the left hippocampal network was also associated with memory and learning in traumatic brain injury subjects. These regional findings from a multi-modal neuroimaging approach should not only be useful for gaining valuable insight into traumatic brain injury induced memory and learning disfunction, but may also be informative for monitoring injury progression, recovery, and for developing rehabilitation as well as therapy strategies.

这项调查使用加州言语学习测试探讨了与严重创伤性脑损伤中记忆网络的形态测量和连接性测量相关的记忆表现。招募了 22 名患有严重创伤性脑损伤的青少年，在受伤后 1-2 年在 13 个参与地点进行多模式 MRI 扫描。分析包括来自解剖 T1 加权成像的海马体积、来自扩散张量成像的穹窿白质微观结构、海马静息态功能磁共振成像连接以及基于扩散的结构连接。由 49 名年龄匹配的儿童组成的典型发育对照组也接受了扫描和神经认知评估。结果显示，与对照组相比，创伤性脑损伤中的海马体积减少。此外，海马体积减少与创伤性脑损伤受试者的记忆和学习表现较差有关。同样，与对照组相比，创伤性脑损伤中海马穹窿各向异性分数降低，而海马穹窿分数各向异性降低也与创伤性脑损伤受试者的记忆和学习表现较差有关。此外，左海马与丘脑和距状沟的结构连接减少与创伤性脑损伤受试者的记忆和学习有关。左侧海马网络的功能连接也与创伤性脑损伤受试者的记忆和学习有关。多模式神经影像学方法的这些区域发现不仅有助于获得对创伤性脑损伤引起的记忆和学习障碍的宝贵见解，而且还可能为监测损伤进展、恢复以及制定康复和治疗策略提供信息。 。