This paper estimates the acute effect of community-level homicides on early childhood language development and explores the moderating role of maternal efficacy and satisfaction in Chile. It uses data from the 2017 wave of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Survey of Chilean Children (N = 1194, M_age: 52.8 months, 52% girls). Children in municipalities with homicides 1 month before the Peabody Picture Vocabulary assessment scored between 0.18 and 0.41 SDs lower compared to children in the same municipality but for whom homicides happened after the assessment. On average, higher maternal satisfaction appears to have a protective effect, though it dissipates in the most violent municipalities. Evidence that higher maternal efficacy protects children from the negative effects of violence is inconclusive.

中文翻译：

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社区暴力和儿童早期语言发展：母亲效能和满意度的调节作用

本文评估了智利社区一级凶杀案对幼儿语言发展的严重影响，并探讨了母亲效能和满意度的调节作用。它使用了 2017 年智利儿童早期儿童纵向调查的数据（N  = 1194，M_年龄：52.8 个月，52% 是女孩）。皮博迪图片词汇评估前 1 个月发生过凶杀案的城市中的儿童，与评估后发生凶杀案的同一城市的儿童相比，得分低 0.18 至 0.41 标准差。平均而言，较高的产妇满意度似乎具有保护作用，尽管这种作用在暴力最严重的城市会消失。较高的产妇效能可以保护儿童免受暴力的负面影响的证据尚无定论。