As they learn to navigate the social world, children construct frameworks to interpret others' behavior. The present studies examined two such frameworks: a mentalistic framework, which construes behavior as driven by internal mental states; and a normative framework, which presumes people act in accordance with social norms. Participants included 101 children (ages 4, 7, and 10; 81% White; 41% female) and 35 adults (66% female) tested in the northeastern United States from 2019 to 2021. Children and adults utilized both mentalistic and normative frameworks to explain others' behaviors. Framework use depended on features of the behavior being explained. Minimal developmental differences were observed. The relative independence and the utility of the mentalistic and normative frameworks for naïve reasoning about behavior are considered.

中文翻译：

---

儿童解释他人行为的心理和规范框架

当孩子们学会驾驭社交世界时，他们会构建框架来解释他人的行为。目前的研究考察了两个这样的框架：一个是心理框架，它将行为解释为由内部心理状态驱动；另一个是心理框架，它将行为解释为由内部心理状态驱动。以及规范框架，假定人们按照社会规范行事。参与者包括 2019 年至 2021 年在美国东北部接受测试的 101 名儿童（4、7 和 10 岁；81% 白人；41% 女性）和 35 名成人（66% 女性）。儿童和成人利用心理框架和规范框架来解释他人的行为。框架的使用取决于所解释的行为的特征。观察到最小的发育差异。考虑了关于行为的朴素推理的心智和规范框架的相对独立性和实用性。