At the Founding, commanders in chief (CINCs) enjoyed neither sole nor supreme military authority, each military branch having many chief commanders. Thus, most presidential authority over the military stemmed from the rest of Article II, not the CINC Clause. Consequently, Congress enjoys sweeping authority over the military and its operations.

 

 

中文翻译：

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解读总司令条款

建国之初，总司令（CINC）既不享有唯一的军事权力，也不享有最高的军事权力，每个军种都有多名首席指挥官。因此，总统对军队的大部分权力源于第二条的其余部分，而不是总司令条款。因此，国会对军队及其行动享有全面的权力。