Abstract

Research suggests that parental substance use disorder is associated with adolescent drinking indirectly through negative urgency, a form of impulsivity that is particularly associated with high-risk drinking. Moreover, childhood mechanisms of risk may play a role in this developmental chain such that childhood temperament and parenting may be mechanisms through which parental substance use disorder is associated with adolescent negative urgency and drinking behavior. Therefore, the current study tested whether parental substance use disorder was indirectly associated with adolescent drinking frequency through childhood temperament (i.e., “dysregulated irritability”) and adolescent negative urgency, and whether relations differed by levels of maternal support and consistency of discipline. Data come from a multigenerational, longitudinal study of familial substance use disorder (N = 276, M_age in childhood = 6.28 (SD = 1.16), M_age in adolescence = 15.86 (SD = 1.56), 45.3% female). Findings indicated that parental substance use disorder indirectly predicted adolescent drinking through both childhood dysregulated irritability and adolescent negative urgency (mediated pathways). This indirect relation was stronger at higher vs. lower levels of maternal support but did not vary by maternal consistency of discipline. Parental substance use disorder also indirectly predicted adolescent drinking separately through childhood dysregulated irritability and negative urgency. Findings thus suggest that childhood dysregulated irritability may be an early marker of risk toward high-risk personality traits and behavior in adolescence that are associated with having a parental history of substance use disorder. Findings also suggest that increased maternal support may only be helpful in buffering risk for those with low levels of dysregulated irritability. Prevention efforts focused on childhood emotion regulation and emotion-based action may be useful in preventing adolescent risk behavior.

中文翻译：

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父母药物使用障碍与青少年饮酒行为之间的纵向关系：气质、消极紧迫感和母亲养育的作用

摘要

研究表明，父母物质使用障碍通过消极紧迫感与青少年饮酒间接相关，消极紧迫感是一种冲动，尤其与高风险饮酒有关。此外，童年时期的风险机制可能在这一发展链中发挥作用，因此童年气质和养育方式可能是父母物质使用障碍与青少年消极紧迫感和饮酒行为相关的机制。因此，本研究测试了父母物质使用障碍是否通过童年气质（即“失调的易怒”）和青少年消极紧迫感与青少年饮酒频率间接相关，以及这种关系是否因母亲支持水平和纪律一致性而有所不同。数据来自一项针对家族物质使用障碍的多代纵向研究（N  = 276，童年期M_年龄= 6.28 (SD = 1.16)，青春期M_{年龄= 15.86 (SD = 1.56)，45.3% 女性）。}研究结果表明，父母物质使用障碍通过儿童期的烦躁失调和青少年的负面紧迫感（介导途径）间接预测青少年饮酒。这种间接关系在母亲支持水平较高的情况下比在母亲支持水平较低的情况下更强，但不因母亲纪律的一致性而变化。父母物质使用障碍还通过儿童时期的失调性烦躁和消极紧迫感间接预测青少年饮酒。因此，研究结果表明，儿童时期的烦躁失调可能是青春期高风险人格特征和行为风险的早期标志，而这些特征和行为与父母有物质使用障碍史有关。研究结果还表明，增加母亲的支持可能只会有助于缓解烦躁情绪失调的人的风险。专注于儿童情绪调节和基于情绪的行动的预防工作可能有助于预防青少年危险行为。