Cities are critical sites for understanding, and potentially ameliorating, the effects of global ecological change, the climate emergency and natural resource depletion. Contemporary cities are sociomaterially connected through global markets, trade and transportation, placing ever-increasing demands on the natural environment and generating dangerous pollutants and emissions. Current approaches to address these environmental crises are dominated by neoliberal forms of ‘green’ urban development, carbon accounting and techno-economic solutions, which extend corporate control over cities and tend to entrench inequality. A more strategic approach for enabling ecologically sustainable and equitable urban futures is urgently needed. We present five strategies for urban ecological futures in the global North, derived from qualitative and ethnographic empirical research with international eco-communities, which open up discussions about how to tackle this challenge by acknowledging the role and potential of: (1) non-extractive community economies; (2) democratic processes of co-operative action; (3) social approaches to resource management; (4) participatory collaborative governance; and (5) urban heterogeneity and social justice. We explore the relational, contested and contextual processes through which these approaches could become embedded in urban policy and planning, thereby offering the strategic capacity required to move towards truly sustainable cities.

中文翻译：

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城市生态未来：五项生态社区战略，打造更加可持续和公平的城市

城市是了解并可能改善全球生态变化、气候紧急情况和自然资源枯竭影响的关键场所。当代城市通过全球市场、贸易和运输实现社会物质联系，对自然环境提出了越来越高的要求，并产生危险的污染物和排放。目前解决这些环境危机的方法主要是新自由主义形式的“绿色”城市发展、碳核算和技术经济解决方案，这些方法扩大了企业对城市的控制，并往往加剧不平等。迫切需要采取更具战略性的方法来实现生态可持续和公平的城市未来。我们提出了全球北方城市生态未来的五项战略，这些战略源自国际生态社区的定性和人种学实证研究，这些战略通过承认以下方面的作用和潜力，开启了有关如何应对这一挑战的讨论：（1）非抽取性社区经济；(2) 合作行动的民主程序；(3) 资源管理的社会方法；（四）参与式协同治理；(5)城市异质性和社会公正。我们探索相关的、有争议的和背景的过程，通过这些过程，这些方法可以嵌入城市政策和规划中，从而提供迈向真正可持续城市所需的战略能力。