The advantages of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) in environmental energy harvesting and utilization determine that they have great development potential in the digital application of power grids. This work focuses on the harvesting and utilization of vibration energy from transmission lines, specifically in the context of breeze vibrations and sub-span oscillations. To this end, this work proposes a novel multi-mode vibrational triboelectric nanogenerator (MV-TENG) and three smart transmission line application strategies based on the MV-TENG. The MV-TENG design consists of an S-beam to broaden the frequency response range by reducing high-order modal frequencies, and a pair of allegro electrodes to efficiently harvest horizontal and vertical vibration energy. The MV-TENG demonstrates the capability to harvest vibration energy within a range of 1–3.5 Hz horizontally and 4 Hz, 9–60 Hz vertically, covering the occurrence range of breeze vibrations and sub-span oscillations of transmission line effectively. Three application strategies include self-powered tower obstacle alerting, temperature and humidity online monitoring, and high-temperature wireless warning of transmission lines based on MV-TENG. In summary, this work presents a comprehensive implementation scheme for digitally integrating TENGs into smart transmission lines, thereby facilitating the engineering development of TENG technology in grid systems.

中文翻译：

---

用于智能输电线路中宽带能量收集和利用的多模式振动摩擦纳米发电机

摩擦纳米发电机（TENG）在环境能量收集和利用方面的优势决定了其在电网数字化应用中具有巨大的发展潜力。这项工作的重点是从传输线收集和利用振动能量，特别是在微风振动和次跨度振荡的背景下。为此，本文提出了一种新型多模振动摩擦纳米发电机（MV-TENG）以及基于MV-TENG的三种智能输电线路应用策略。MV-TENG 设计由一个 S 梁和一对快板电极组成，S 梁可通过降低高阶模态频率来拓宽频率响应范围，一对快板电极可有效收集水平和垂直振动能量。MV-TENG能够收集水平方向1-3.5 Hz和垂直方向4 Hz、9-60 Hz范围内的振动能量，有效覆盖了微风振动和输电线路次跨振荡的发生范围。三种应用策略包括自供电铁塔障碍物预警、温湿度在线监测以及基于MV-TENG的输电线路高温无线预警。总之，这项工作提出了一种将TENG数字化集成到智能输电线路中的综合实施方案，从而促进TENG技术在电网系统中的工程开发。