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The Nuclear Anthropocene of the Soviet north: Cold War vernacular collecting and mining uranium, and its legacies
Journal of Historical Geography ( IF 1.031 ) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2023.08.002
Nadezhda Mamontova

This paper explores the production of vernacular geological knowledge about uranium during the Cold War. In particular, it investigates uranium gathering practices in Siberia as a form of geopower exercised where Soviet citizens were encouraged to participate in geological exploration of the ‘bowels of the Earth’ for national benefits. This paper further discusses a novel theorization of the early Soviet understanding of the Anthropocene concept in its relation to the notion of nuclearity as formulated by Soviet scholar Vladimir Vernadsky (1863–1945). Finally, the Soviet nuclear project's legacies are analyzed through indigenous experiences of living near the uranium mine in Siberia. The material used for this research comprised a selected set of youth magazine articles and guidelines issued in the 1930s–1950s by Soviet geological agencies with the aim of promoting vernacular geological practices among Soviet citizens, as well as archival materials and field data collected from geologists and indigenous people in Transbaikalia, eastern Siberia, in 2021. This paper shows that Soviet citizens were a crucial part of the nuclear ideology and, at the same time, were treated as the means of nuclear production because of their ability to search for and extract uranium. It further shows how nuclear discourse in the Soviet Union and modern Russia has been shaped by Vernadsky's ideas about the role of nuclear power in the transformation of society.



中文翻译:

苏联北部的核人类世:冷战时期收集和开采铀及其遗产

本文探讨了冷战期间有关铀的本土地质知识的产生。特别是,它调查了西伯利亚的铀收集实践,作为一种行使地缘权力的形式,鼓励苏联公民为了国家利益参与“地球内部”的地质勘探。本文进一步讨论了苏联早期对人类世概念的理解及其与苏联学者弗拉基米尔·维尔纳德斯基(Vladimir Vernadsky,1863-1945)提出的核概念的关系的新颖理论。最后,通过生活在西伯利亚铀矿附近的当地人的经历来分析苏联核项目的遗产。本研究使用的材料包括苏联地质机构在 1930 年代至 1950 年代发布的一组选定的青年杂志文章和指南,旨在促进苏联公民的本土地质实践,以及从地质学家和地质学家那里收集的档案材料和现场数据。 2021 年,西伯利亚东部外贝加尔地区的原住民。本文表明,苏联公民是核意识形态的重要组成部分,同时,由于他们有能力寻找和提取铀,因此被视为核生产手段。它进一步表明了苏联和现代俄罗斯的核话语是如何受到维尔纳德斯基关于核电在社会转型中的作用的思想的影响。以及 2021 年从西伯利亚外贝加尔地区的地质学家和原住民那里收集的档案材料和现场数据。本文表明,苏联公民是核意识形态的重要组成部分,同时也被视为核武的手段。核生产,因为它们有能力寻找和提取铀。它进一步表明了苏联和现代俄罗斯的核话语是如何受到维尔纳德斯基关于核电在社会转型中的作用的思想的影响。以及 2021 年从西伯利亚外贝加尔地区的地质学家和原住民那里收集的档案材料和现场数据。本文表明,苏联公民是核意识形态的重要组成部分,同时也被视为核武的手段。核生产,因为它们有能力寻找和提取铀。它进一步表明了苏联和现代俄罗斯的核话语是如何受到维尔纳德斯基关于核电在社会转型中的作用的思想的影响。由于它们具有寻找和提取铀的能力,因此被视为核生产手段。它进一步表明了苏联和现代俄罗斯的核话语是如何受到维尔纳德斯基关于核电在社会转型中的作用的思想的影响。由于它们具有寻找和提取铀的能力,因此被视为核生产手段。它进一步表明了苏联和现代俄罗斯的核话语是如何受到维尔纳德斯基关于核电在社会转型中的作用的思想的影响。

更新日期:2023-09-06
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