Conditions and pathways for transforming ocean conflicts require an understanding of the wide range of perspectives and values from all relevant stakeholders. In such cases, participatory assessment of conflicts can lead to knowledge co-production and collective learning. In this approach, the different views and the relevance assigned to conflicts are described by the involved stakeholders. In this paper, we aim to present a participatory assessment of conflicts involving small-scale fishing communities of São Paulo coastline, southeastern Brazil from the perspective of the multiple actors involved with the marine-coastal ecosystems of the region. The conflicts were assessed through an online survey and virtual participatory workshops. The survey was used to assess the conflicts related to the fishing activities in the territory. Participatory workshops were carried out to validate and complement the conflict assessment by the online survey and to establish a ranking of the most important conflicts by different stakeholders. A total of 132 conflicts were systematized into 12 categories, and the most relevant were as follows: legislation and surveillance, large-scale enterprises in coastal areas, pollution, fishing regulation, and fisheries management and planning. We argue that a collaborative identification of conflicts has the potential to refine and validate different interpretations and to foster social learning among the stakeholders that is essential to promote sustainability in the territory. This participatory process seeks to increase the social legitimacy for future marine spatial planning processes and to contribute with a novel process of coproducing transformative knowledge action.

转变海洋冲突的条件和途径需要了解所有相关利益攸关方的广泛观点和价值观。在这种情况下，对冲突的参与式评估可以导致知识共同生产和集体学习。在这种方法中，所涉及的利益相关者描述不同的观点和分配给冲突的相关性。在本文中，我们旨在从参与该地区海洋-沿海生态系统的多个参与者的角度，对涉及巴西东南部圣保罗海岸线小规模渔业社区的冲突进行参与式评估。通过在线调查和虚拟参与研讨会对冲突进行了评估。该调查用于评估与领土内捕捞活动有关的冲突。举办了参与式研讨会，以验证和补充在线调查的冲突评估，并根据不同利益相关者对最重要的冲突进行排名。共有 132 起冲突被分为 12 个类别，最相关的冲突如下：立法和监督、沿海地区大型企业、污染、渔业监管以及渔业管理和规划。我们认为，协作识别冲突有可能完善和验证不同的解释，并促进利益相关者之间的社会学习，这对于促进该地区的可持续发展至关重要。