Daily injections of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) have been used in clinical practice for almost four decades as a replacement therapy in adult patients with GH deficiency (GHD). Long-term adherence to daily injections of rhGH is a clinical concern that may result in reduced therapeutic efficacy, and long-acting GH (LAGH) formulations have been developed in an attempt of overcoming this problem. Long-term safety issues of rhGH are the other side of the coin that has been carefully monitored over the years, particularly related to the proliferative actions of GH that could increase the risk of tumor recurrence or induce the development of new benign and malignant tumors. In this review, we present what is currently known about the cancer risk in GHD adults treated with daily rhGH injections and we discuss the major concerns and responses needed from future surveillance studies regarding the safety of LAGH preparations.

每日注射重组人生长激素 (rhGH) 作为GH 缺乏症(GHD) 成年患者的替代疗法已在临床实践中使用了近四十年。长期坚持每天注射 rhGH 是一个临床问题，可能会导致治疗效果降低，长效 GH (LAGH) 制剂已被开发出来，试图克服这个问题。rhGH 的长期安全问题是多年来一直受到密切监测的问题，特别是与 GH 的增殖作用有关，可能会增加肿瘤复发的风险或诱导新的良性和恶性肿瘤的发展。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了目前已知的每天注射 rhGH 治疗的 GHD 成人的癌症风险，并讨论了未来关于 LAGH 制剂安全性的监测研究中需要关注的主要问题和应对措施。