For centuries, Christians have understood some of the texts included in the New Testament as ‘Jewish,’ in the sense of them being written by (converted) Jews for other Jews. From a historical perspective, a new development in the academy suggests that such approaches do not do justice to the nature of these texts. Indeed, even more recent attempts at understanding the New Testament against the background of Judaism are also found wanting. Instead, placing these texts within the broader context of the diverse ways of embodying Jewish ancestral customs in the pre-rabbinic Second Temple period, this interpretive trajectory, involving scholars from a wide array of backgrounds, insists that Paul, Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Revelation etc., should be understood as expressions of Judaism. This article highlights key issues involved in such re-readings of New Testament texts, including ways in which they may or may not relate to normative-theological positions among Christians and Jews today. First, the study looks at how the question is asked in our contemporary setting. Then, moving down historical layers, issues related to history and categorisation are addressed before we, finally, return to the present to consider possible implications of our findings.

中文翻译：

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在“犹太教内部”阅读新约文本意味着什么？

几个世纪以来，基督徒一直将新约中的一些文本理解为“犹太文本”，因为它们是由（皈依的）犹太人为其他犹太人写的。从历史的角度来看，学术界的新发展表明，这种方法并不能公正地对待这些文本的本质。事实上，最近在理解《新约》时所做的尝试也与背景犹太教也被发现有缺陷。相反，将这些文本置于拉比之前的第二圣殿时期体现犹太祖先习俗的更广泛背景下，这种解释轨迹涉及来自不同背景的学者，坚持认为保罗，马太，马可，路加，约翰福音、启示录等，应该理解为的表达犹太教。本文强调了新约文本重读所涉及的关键问题，包括它们与当今基督徒和犹太人的规范神学立场可能或可能不相关的方式。首先，该研究着眼于在我们当代的环境中如何提出这个问题。然后，向下移动历史层次，解决与历史和分类相关的问题，然后最后回到现在考虑我们的发现可能产生的影响。