ABSTRACT

By examining the widespread enthusiasm for education during the Japanese occupation of Korea (1910–1945), this article sets out to contribute to historiography on so-called ‘education fever’ (kyoyungyŏl), which so far has largely concentrated on researching the period after 1945. In the 1920s and 1930s the term was used to describe a multifaceted phenomenon that was driven by a striving for upward social mobility and the idea of national self-strengthening. Based on a wide range of sources including newspapers and journals, official documents as well as missionary reports, the article argues that ‘education fever’ was, on the one hand, closely linked to Korean nationalism, whose proponents made frequent recourse to the ubiquitous phenomenon in order to strengthen Korean political power through education. On the other hand, despite efforts to restrict school access, colonial authorities to a certain degree were forced to respond to these demands for education, highlighting Korean agency in the process.

摘要

通过考察日本占领朝鲜期间（1910-1945 年）对教育的广泛热情，本文旨在为所谓“教育热”（kyyoungyŏl），迄今为止主要集中于研究 1945 年之后的时期。在 1920 年代和 1930 年代，该术语被用来描述由争取社会向上流动和民族自强思想驱动的多方面现象。文章根据报纸期刊、官方文件以及传教士报告等多种来源认为，“教育热”一方面与韩国民族主义密切相关，韩国民族主义的支持者经常利用这种普遍存在的现象，通过教育来强化韩国的政治权力。另一方面，尽管努力限制入学机会，殖民当局在一定程度上被迫回应这些教育要求，凸显了韩国在这一过程中的作用。