This study questions the social relations behind the challenges that popular science magazines in Turkey have faced from their onset, by focusing on the peculiarities of different historical periods and prevailing relations of production. The history of popular science magazines from the Ottoman Empire to the present day is also the history of the transition from artisan-like relations of production to factory-like relations of production and more. In this long historical period, premodern social relations and market conditions come to the fore as the main source of the challenges these magazines face. In recent years, big capital's interest in popular science and the enthusiastic struggle of "zero capital" magazines on the other hand reveal two different sides of the picture. Similar challenges and divergent experiences across different periods indicate that popularizing science goes far beyond bringing science to lay people. This study shows that it is possible to trace a frustrated story of modernization, as well as economic and political turmoil, in these magazines' survival struggle in a country which has not been closely studied in this respect.

中文翻译：

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不同的时期，相似的挑战，相反的道路：土耳其科普杂志的社会结构探索。

本研究通过关注不同历史时期的特殊性和普遍的生产关系，对土耳其科普杂志从一开始就面临的挑战背后的社会关系提出了质疑。科普杂志从奥斯曼帝国到现在的历史，也是从工匠式的生产关系向工厂式的生产关系等转变的历史。在这个漫长的历史时期，前现代社会关系和市场条件成为这些杂志面临挑战的主要根源。近年来，大资本对科普的兴趣与“零资本”杂志的热烈斗争，揭示了两个不同的侧面。不同时期相似的挑战和不同的经历表明，科普远远超出了将科学带给普通人的范围。这项研究表明，在一个尚未对此进行过仔细研究的国家中，可以在这些杂志的生存斗争中追溯现代化以及经济和政治动荡的受挫故事。