Thrombosis has been emerging as a major global life-threatening issue with high mortality and serious complications, especially in the post-COVID-19 era. Compared with the commonly used plasminogen activators thrombolytic drugs, fibrinolytic drugs are no longer heavily dependent on the patients' own plasminogen, which are poorly expressed in most patients. As a novel "direct acting" thrombolytic agent, fibrinolytic drugs are considered to have stronger thrombolytic efficacy and safety than the widely used plasminogen activators. However, the risk of their hemorrhage remains a major concern. Herein, the molecular mechanisms and solutions were summarized for the first time based on the systematic review of the latest developments, which could shed new light on the development of novel safety fibrinolytic drugs in the future.

中文翻译：

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纤溶药物引起的出血：机制和解决方案。

血栓形成已成为全球威胁生命的重大问题，具有高死亡率和严重并发症，特别是在后 COVID-19 时代。与常用的纤溶酶原激活剂溶栓药物相比，纤溶药物不再严重依赖患者自身的纤溶酶原，而大多数患者的纤溶酶原表达较差。纤溶药物作为一种新型的“直接作用”溶栓剂，被认为比广泛使用的纤溶酶原激活剂具有更强的溶栓功效和安全性。然而，出血的风险仍然是一个主要问题。本文在系统综述最新进展的基础上，首次总结了分子机制和解决方案，为未来新型安全纤溶药物的开发提供新的思路。