During the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 pandemic, public health officials exercised their police powers to combat the spread of the virus. The pandemic-related legal interventions adopted throughout the United States included lockdown orders and mask mandates. However, these policies and interventions meant to promote the general welfare of the public, in defense of common good, were met with legal challenges, especially in opposition to interventions’ impact on the exercise of religion. This article provides a legal analysis of the policies meant to curb the COVID-19 pandemic with a focus on legislative and judiciary actions and their implications for religious freedom. Ultimately, we hope this article will help inform future legal analyses on conflicts between public health and religious freedom in the context of pandemic legal preparedness efforts.

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COVID-19、宗教自由和法律：美国的案例

在 SARS-CoV-2 和 COVID-19 大流行期间，公共卫生官员行使警察权力来阻止病毒的传播。美国各地采取的与大流行相关的法律干预措施包括封锁令和口罩令。然而，这些旨在促进公众普遍福利、捍卫共同利益的政策和干预措施遇到了法律挑战，特别是反对干预措施对宗教活动的影响。本文对旨在遏制 COVID-19 大流行的政策进行了法律分析，重点关注立法和司法行动及其对宗教自由的影响。最终，