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Why do some fish grow faster than others?
Fish and Fisheries ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2023-06-08 , DOI: 10.1111/faf.12770
Harriet R. Goodrich 1 , Timothy D. Clark 2
Affiliation  

All animals must acquire food to grow, but there is a vast diversity in how different species and even different individuals approach and achieve this task. Individuals within a species appear to fall along a bold-shy continuum, whereby some fish acquire food aggressively and with seemingly high risk, while others appear more submissive and opportunistic. Greater food consumption generally results in faster growth, but only if the energy acquired through food is more than enough to compensate for heightened metabolism associated with a more active lifestyle. Fast-growing phenotypes also tend to have elevated baseline metabolism – at least when food is plentiful – which may be linked with gut morphology and digestive efficiency. The net energy gained from a meal (as calculated from the specific dynamic action (SDA) coefficient) is optimised with larger meal sizes, but the digestion of large meals can erode the aerobic metabolic scope available for other critical activities such as predator avoidance, perhaps at an interindividual level. Thus, complex interactions between an individual's genes and environment are likely to regulate the growth phenotype. This review compiles available knowledge to shed light on the question: Why do some fish grow faster than others? We discuss the elaborate interrelationships between behaviour, physiology and the gut microbiome with a goal to better understand what drives interindividual differences in growth performance.

中文翻译:

为什么有些鱼比其他鱼长得快?

所有动物都必须获取食物才能生长,但不同物种甚至不同个体实现这一任务的方式存在巨大差异。一个物种内的个体似乎处于大胆-害羞的连续体,其中一些鱼积极地获取食物并且看似风险很高,而另一些则显得更加顺从和机会主义。更多的食物消耗通常会导致更快的生长,但前提是通过食物获得的能量足以补偿与更积极的生活方式相关的新陈代谢加快。快速生长的表型也往往具有较高的基线代谢——至少在食物充足时——这可能与肠道形态和消化效率有关。从一顿饭中获得的净能量(根据特定动态作用(SDA)系数计算)随着膳食量的增加而优化,但大餐的消化可能会削弱可用于其他关键活动(例如躲避捕食者)的有氧代谢范围,也许在个体之间的层面上。因此,个体基因和环境之间复杂的相互作用可能会调节生长表型。这篇评论汇集了现有的知识,以阐明这个问题:为什么有些鱼比其他鱼生长得快?我们讨论了行为、生理学和肠道微生物组之间复杂的相互关系,目的是更好地理解是什么驱动了个体间生长表现的差异。但大餐的消化可能会削弱可用于其他关键活动(例如躲避捕食者)的有氧代谢范围,这可能是在个体之间的水平上。因此,个体基因和环境之间复杂的相互作用可能会调节生长表型。这篇评论汇集了现有的知识,以阐明这个问题:为什么有些鱼比其他鱼生长得快?我们讨论了行为、生理学和肠道微生物组之间复杂的相互关系,目的是更好地理解是什么驱动了个体间生长表现的差异。但大餐的消化可能会削弱可用于其他关键活动(例如躲避捕食者)的有氧代谢范围,这可能是在个体之间的水平上。因此,个体基因和环境之间复杂的相互作用可能会调节生长表型。这篇评论汇集了现有的知识,以阐明这个问题:为什么有些鱼比其他鱼生长得快?我们讨论了行为、生理学和肠道微生物组之间复杂的相互关系,目的是更好地理解是什么驱动了个体间生长表现的差异。这篇评论汇集了现有的知识,以阐明这个问题:为什么有些鱼比其他鱼生长得快?我们讨论了行为、生理学和肠道微生物组之间复杂的相互关系,目的是更好地理解是什么驱动了个体间生长表现的差异。这篇评论汇集了现有的知识,以阐明这个问题:为什么有些鱼比其他鱼生长得快?我们讨论了行为、生理学和肠道微生物组之间复杂的相互关系,目的是更好地理解是什么驱动了个体间生长表现的差异。
更新日期:2023-06-08
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