Massive spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) were emerged worldwide as a consequence of the extensive use in energy storage applications. The recovery of cathode electrode materials from spent LIBs has received great attention due to economic benefits, which has led to the neglect of the deep utilization of low-value copper current. The present study focuses on the selective crushing of copper foil and the preparation of micro-nano copper powders through eco-friendly leaching and reduction processes. The occurrence characteristics of copper in the anode material obtained by disassembling the battery after discharge pretreatment were first analyzed, SEM + EDS detection shows that graphite with thickness of tens of microns is attached to the surface of copper foil. Subsequently, the application of mechanical force promoted the graphite to detach from the collector, and the results indicate that significant selective crushing leads to the enrichment of copper foil in coarse-grained particles. Further, an ammonia leaching method was used to leach copper gently. The leaching kinetic behavior of copper foil particles with different particle sizes was analyzed. The diffusion controlled shrinking core model can accurately describe the leaching behavior of copper foil particles in leaching process. The activation energies of +2 mm, 2–1 mm, and 1–0.5 mm are 15.04 kJ/mol, 11.61 kJ/mol, and 8.21 kJ/mol, respectively. Undissociated graphite has negative impact on the leaching behavior, and reduction in the particle size of the copper foil can enhance the leaching behavior. Finally, the glucose and ascorbic acid system reducing reaction promotes the transformation of the copper ions in the leaching solution into regular shaped copper nanoparticles. SEM and XRD results show that high purity copper nanoparticles with hundreds of nanometers was successfully prepared. This study provides an eco-strategy and value-added recovery approach to address the challenges of full component utilization of spent LIBs.

由于在储能应用中的广泛使用，全球出现了大量废锂离子电池 (LIB)。从废旧锂离子电池中回收正极材料因经济效益受到高度重视，导致低价值铜电流的深度利用被忽视。本研究的重点是铜箔的选择性破碎和通过环保浸出和还原工艺制备微纳米铜粉。首先分析了放电预处理后电池拆解得到的正极材料中铜的赋存特征，SEM+EDS检测表明铜箔表面附着有几十微米厚的石墨。随后，机械力的施加促进了石墨与集电器的分离，结果表明显着的选择性破碎导致铜箔在粗晶粒中的富集。进一步地，采用氨浸出法温和地浸出铜。分析了不同粒径铜箔颗粒的浸出动力学行为。扩散控制缩芯模型可以准确描述铜箔颗粒在浸出过程中的浸出行为。+2 mm、2–1 mm 和 1–0.5 mm 的活化能分别为 15.04 kJ/mol、11.61 kJ/mol 和 8.21 kJ/mol。未离解的石墨对浸出行为有负面影响，铜箔粒径的减小可以增强浸出行为。最后，葡萄糖和抗坏血酸体系的还原反应促进浸出液中的铜离子转化为规则形状的铜纳米粒子。SEM和XRD结果表明，成功制备了数百纳米的高纯度铜纳米粒子。本研究提供了一种生态战略和增值回收方法，以应对废 LIB 的全组件利用挑战。