Herein we report an efficient and recyclable catalyst combining extremely low-loaded Ru and abundant alumina supported on nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) for hydrogenation of cellulose-derived levulinic acid (LA) into valuable γ-valerolactone (GVL). The as-fabricated Ru_0.18/Al₂O₃/NC shows extraordinarily catalytic efficiency in transforming LA to GVL under solvent-free conditions, achieving up to a 1.77 × 10⁵ turnover number (TON) and a 26400 h⁻¹ turnover frequency (TOF) in a single batch reaction, which is far better than other heterogeneous catalysts and comparable to the best optimized homogenous catalysts. This catalyst demonstrates a good stability and reusability, whose catalytic performance can be maintained in 22 times recycled reactions, thus reaching a 10⁶-level value of total TONs. These results highlight the importance of the synergistic effects between infrequent Ru and abundant alumina, and provide an up-and-coming way to design more active and stable low Ru loading catalyst for such a transformation.

在此，我们报道了一种高效且可回收的催化剂，将极低负载量的钌和丰富的氧化铝结合在氮掺杂碳（NC）上，用于将纤维素衍生的乙酰丙酸（LA）氢化成有价值的γ-戊内酯（GVL）。所制备的 Ru _0.18 /Al ₂ O ₃ /NC 在无溶剂条件下将 LA 转化为 GVL 时表现出非凡的催化效率，实现高达 1.77 × 10 ⁵的周转数 (TON) 和 26400 h ^-1单批反应中的周转频率（TOF）远优于其他多相催化剂，可与最佳优化的均相催化剂相媲美。该催化剂表现出良好的稳定性和可重复使用性，在22次循环反应中仍能保持催化性能，从而达到10 ⁶级的总TON值。这些结果凸显了稀有Ru和丰富氧化铝之间协同效应的重要性，并为设计更活性和稳定的低Ru负载催化剂用于此类转化提供了一种有前景的方法。