Salt stress is one of the most important environmental stresses affecting the growth, quantity, and quality of agronomic crops. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of seed priming on the salt tolerance of pumpkin seedlings. Seeds were primed with eight different treatments including control (pre-soaking), Hydropriming with deionized water, Nanopriming with TiO₂, Chemopriming with putrescine, Biopriming with Pantoea agglomerans and Pseudomonas putida bacterias, Hormone priming with salicylic acid, plant extract priming with Moringa (Moringa oleifera), and osmopriming with zinc sulfate. After germination, two groups of sampling were grown in two types of soil: saline (Ssa) and sodic (Sso) and they were investigated separately and irrigated with two types of water: saline-sodic (Wss) and non-saline-non-sodic (Wnss). Results showed that under Wnss/Ssa conditions, hydropriming did not affect the TAC and K⁺/Na⁺, as well as TDM and gas exchange parameters, while osmopriming increased all parameters. Likewise, in this soil-water condition, the osmopriming increased respiration and dry matter by 21.8%, while it increased photosynthesis in all four soil-water conditions. Hormone priming in Wss/Ssa conditions caused a 31% increase in dry matter, while it did not affect SOD, Proline, and TAC, moreover, respiration and K⁺/Na⁺ also increased. In Wss/Sso, nanopriming was the only superior treatment in terms of dry matter with a 10% increase compared to the control. In mentioned soil water condition, nanopriming was among the treatments with the highest values of SOD, TAC, Proline, and K⁺/Na⁺, respiration, and the lowest values of MDA and Na+. In all conditions except Wss/Sso, biopriming increased dry matter. In the mentioned condition, despite having higher SOD, and proline compared to the control, biopriming did not lead to an increase in respiration and K⁺/Na⁺. In Wss/Ssa conditions, biopriming led to the highest increase in the dry matter by 34.1%, while it had no effect on proline and TAC and increased K⁺/Na⁺ by 3.7 times compared to the control. Priming with plant extract also increased dry matter in all conditions except Wss/Sso. In the condition of Wss/Ssa, even though the priming of the plant extract did not affect TAC and proline, it caused an increase in K⁺/Na⁺ compared to the control, in addition, it was one of the superior treatments in terms of respiration. In conclusion, seed priming through ionic regulation was found to be effective in reducing the harmful effects of salinity and sodicity stress in pumpkin seedlings.

盐胁迫是影响农作物生长、数量和品质的最重要的环境胁迫之一。本研究旨在研究种子引发对南瓜幼苗耐盐性的影响。种子用八种不同的处理方法引发，包括对照（预浸泡）、用去离子水进行水力引发、用 TiO ₂进行纳米引发、用腐胺进行化学引发、用成团泛菌进行生物引发和恶臭假单胞菌细菌、水杨酸引发的激素、辣木 (Moringa oleifera) 引发的植物提取物以及硫酸锌引发的渗透引发。发芽后，两组样品在两种类型的土壤中生长：盐碱（Ssa）和钠盐（Sso），分别进行调查并用两种类型的水灌溉：盐碱 - 钠盐（Wss）和非盐碱 - 非 -钠离子 (Wnss)。结果表明，在 Wnss/Ssa 条件下，hydropriming 不影响 TAC 和K ⁺ /Na ⁺，以及 TDM 和气体交换参数，而 osmopriming 增加了所有参数。同样，在这种土壤-水条件下，渗透启动使呼吸和干物质增加了 21.8%，同时在所有四种土壤-水条件下都增加了光合作用。Wss/Ssa 条件下的激素启动导致干物质增加 31%，同时它不影响 SOD、脯氨酸和 TAC，此外，呼吸和K ⁺ /Na ⁺也增加。在 Wss/Sso 中，nanopriming 是唯一在干物质方面比对照增加 10% 的处理方法。在上述土壤水分条件下，nanopriming 是 SOD、TAC、脯氨酸和K ⁺ /Na ⁺值最高的处理之一、呼吸作用以及 MDA 和 Na+ 的最低值。在除 Wss/Sso 之外的所有条件下，生物引发增加了干物质。在上述条件下，尽管与对照相比具有更高的 SOD 和脯氨酸，但生物引发并未导致呼吸和K ⁺ /Na ⁺增加。在 Wss/Ssa 条件下，生物引发导致干物质最高增加 34.1%，而它对脯氨酸和 TAC 没有影响，并且与对照相比，K ⁺ /Na ^{+增加了 3.7 倍。}在除 Wss/Sso 之外的所有条件下，用植物提取物引发也增加了干物质。在 Wss/Ssa 的情况下，尽管植物提取物的启动不会影响 TAC 和脯氨酸，但它会导致K ⁺/Na ⁺与对照相比，此外，它在呼吸方面是更优的处理方法之一。总之，发现通过离子调节引发种子可有效减少盐度和碱度胁迫对南瓜幼苗的有害影响。