The valorization of agricultural wastes in accordance with the concept of biorefinery is currently a subject of great interest. The present work deals with hop stem, a co-product of hop cultivation that is currently not properly used. Hop stem was first decorticated to produce ≈ 20 % w/w of technical fibers and shives. Four different degumming processes were investigated: water retting, enzymatic hydrolysis, alkali treatment, and steam explosion at 200 °C during 4 min. The fibers produced were comprehensively characterized in terms of chemical composition (Klason lignin and simple sugars by ionic chromatography), mechanical strength, elongation, and morphology by scanning electron microscope (SEM). In contrast to the other processes tested, steam explosion (SE) resulted in efficient defibration due to a significant decrease in pectin (≈ - 70 %) and lignin content while maintaining good tensile properties (≈ 500 MPa). It was also shown that the hop single cell fiber has characteristics close to those of hemp with a length of 6 mm ± 5 mm, a diameter of 15 µm ± 3 µm and a microfibrillar angle of ∼ 7°. The hop shives were used for the production of an adhesive-free panel with good mechanical properties.

根据生物精炼概念对农业废弃物进行价值化处理是目前备受关注的课题。目前的工作涉及啤酒花茎，这是一种目前未被正确使用的啤酒花栽培的副产品。啤酒花茎首先被脱皮以生产 ≈ 20 % w/w 的技术纤维和碎片。研究了四种不同的脱胶工艺：水沤制、酶水解、碱处理和 200 °C 下 4 分钟的蒸汽爆破。所生产的纤维在化学成分（Klason 木质素和单糖通过离子色谱法）、机械强度、伸长率和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）的形态方面进行了全面表征。与测试的其他过程相比，由于果胶 (≈ - 70 %) 和木质素含量显着降低，同时保持良好的拉伸性能 (≈ 500 MPa)，蒸汽爆炸 (SE) 导致有效的纤维分离。研究还表明，啤酒花单细胞纤维具有接近大麻的特性，长度为 6 mm ± 5 mm，直径为 15 µm ± 3 µm，微原纤维角度为 ∼ 7°。啤酒花碎片用于生产具有良好机械性能的无粘合剂面板。