The bicarbonate ions restrict the growth and productivity of crops by inducing nutrient deficiency in alkaline, calcareous soils. Zinc deficiency is widespread in these soils and is one of the factors limiting crop production. This study investigates the effects of foliar applications of green synthesized zinc nano-complex (Zn-NC: 0, 1, 2, and 4 mM) on growth, productivity, and bioactive compounds of pot-grown Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) under sodium bicarbonate stress (0, 10, 20, and 40 mM). Harvesting the plants at the flowering stage revealed that bicarbonate stress induced leaf area decreases and chlorophyll decline, which resulted in the loss of fresh root and shoot mass, the photosynthetic capacity of the plants (Fv/Fm), and root and shoot elongation. However, the mild bicarbonate stress induced the accumulation of essential oils (9.5%), phenols (18%), and flavonoids (19.2%) and increased antioxidant activity in the leaves (18.1%). Application of Zn-NC increased zinc content in the shoot (up to 112.1%), which consequently recovered plant growth and health. These improvements were in line with recovering protein content in leaves (up to 21.9%), which enhanced chlorophyll content and Fv/Fm. Some of these responses were associated with improved carbohydrate metabolism and auxin biosynthesis in the plant. This led to an increase in the production of essential oils (13.5%) and the biosynthesis of phenolics (10.9%) in the bicarbonate-stressed plants. Increased accumulation of these compounds and proteins in leaf tissue increased the plant's antioxidant capacity (10.6%). In this regard, the best results were obtained by the application of 2 mM Zn-NC.

碳酸氢根离子通过在碱性石灰质土壤中诱导养分缺乏来限制作物的生长和生产力。缺锌在这些土壤中普遍存在，是限制作物生产的因素之一。本研究调查了叶面喷施绿色合成锌纳米复合物（Zn-NC：0、1、2 和 4 mM）对盆栽牛膝草 ( Hyssopus officinalis) 生长、生产力和生物活性化合物的影响) 在碳酸氢钠压力下 (0、10、20 和 40 mM)。在开花期收获植物表明，碳酸氢盐胁迫导致叶面积减少和叶绿素减少，从而导致新鲜根和枝条质量、植物光合能力 (Fv/Fm) 以及根和枝条伸长的损失。然而，温和的碳酸氢盐胁迫诱导了精油 (9.5%)、酚类 (18%) 和类黄酮 (19.2%) 的积累，并增加了叶子中的抗氧化活性 (18.1%)。Zn-NC 的施用增加了枝条中的锌含量（高达 112.1%），从而恢复了植物的生长和健康。这些改进与恢复叶片中的蛋白质含量（高达 21.9%）一致，这提高了叶绿素含量和 Fv/Fm。其中一些反应与植物中碳水化合物代谢和生长素生物合成的改善有关。这导致碳酸氢盐胁迫植物中精油产量 (13.5%) 和酚类物质生物合成 (10.9%) 的增加。这些化合物和蛋白质在叶组织中积累的增加提高了植物的抗氧化能力 (10.6%)。在这方面，应用 2 mM Zn-NC 获得了最佳结果。