Green hydrogen production by water electrolysis is sustainable and carbon-free for energy storage. This paper introduces recent development in integrated green hydrogen polygeneration. Throughout this review, theoretical concepts, design types, and recent developments related to the integration of Alkaline Electrolysis (AE), Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis (PEME), and the Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC) are summarised. This review evaluates the thermodynamic efficiency and economic impact of green hydrogen production integrated with different energy sources, energy storage and power cycles. Compared with two kinds of commercially applied methods (AE and PEME), SOEC is the state-of-the-art method to produce hydrogen, which can be integrated with external heat to reduce energy consumption. SOEC avoids the inevitable energy loss in AE and PEME, which leads to low-temperature waste heat evaluated as exergy destruction rather than utilized. The overall efficiency improvement of SOEC systems is over 10%. In most cases, the efficiency is always over 70%, and over 80% in some cases, which exceeds the typical values of 20%–60% from AE and PEME systems. The produced hydrogen can be stored and transported, as well as being used as a feedstock for chemical production, forming a polygeneration system with multiple energy sources, desalination, and fuel production. The latest lifetime of SOEC was predicted at 50,000 h or more, which is the minimum requirement to be commercially competitive. In the literature review, 80.4% of papers chose exergy efficiency as assessment index, compared with 67.9% of energy efficiency. And 58.9% of them chose genetic algorithm to complete multi-objective optimization.

通过电解水生产绿色氢气是可持续的，并且在储能方面是无碳的。本文介绍了一体化绿色氢多联产的最新进展。在这篇综述中，总结了与碱性电解 (AE)、质子交换膜电解 (PEME) 和固体氧化物电解槽 (SOEC) 集成相关的理论概念、设计类型和最新进展。本综述评估了结合不同能源、储能和动力循环的绿色制氢的热力学效率和经济影响。与两种商业应用的方法（AE 和 PEME）相比，SOEC 是最先进的制氢方法，它可以与外部热量相结合以降低能源消耗。SOEC 避免了 AE 和 PEME 中不可避免的能量损失，这导致低温余热被评估为火用破坏而不是被利用。SOEC系统的整体效率提升超过10%。在大多数情况下，效率总是超过 70%，在某些情况下超过 80%，这超过了 AE 和 PEME 系统的典型值 20%–60%。产生的氢气既可以储存和运输，也可以作为化工生产的原料，形成多能源、海水淡化和燃料生产的多联产系统。SOEC的最新寿命预测为50,000小时或更长，这是具有商业竞争力的最低要求。在文献综述中，80.4%的论文选择火用效率作为评价指标，而能源效率的这一比例为67.9%。和 58。