Dendrite growth and by-products seriously worsen the operating environment of aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs). In view of these problems, we report a natural multifunctional additive, gum arabic (GA), to optimize ZnSO₄ electrolyte system for achieving longer plating/stripping process of AZIBs. The strong combination between Zn²⁺ and polar functional groups of GA can weaken the solvation of Zn²⁺ with water, thus inhibiting the decomposition of water. In addition, hydroxyl groups extend the hydrogen bond network of the electrolyte, further limiting the activity of water molecules. Meanwhile, aldehyde groups can consume the hydrogen generated to purify the electrolyte environment. It is mainly reflected in smaller exchange current density, wider electrochemical window and dendritic-free Zn metal interface. Under the action of GA, the Zn//Zn symmetric battery achieved 3600 h of stable operation (2.5 mA cm⁻², 0.5 mAh cm⁻²) and the Zn//Cu asymmetric battery achieved up to 500 cycles with average 99.1% coulombic efficiency (0.5 mA cm⁻², 0.5 mAh cm⁻²). In addition, Zn//V₂O₅ full battery also displays a superior capacity retention and rate performance, far surpassing that using pure ZnSO₄ electrolyte.

枝晶生长和副产物严重恶化了水系锌离子电池 (AZIB) 的运行环境。鉴于这些问题，我们报道了一种天然的多功能添加剂阿拉伯树胶 (GA)，以优化 ZnSO ₄电解质体系，以实现更长的 AZIBs 电镀/剥离过程。^{Zn 2+}与GA极性官能团的强结合可以减弱Zn ^{2+的溶剂化作用}与水，从而抑制水的分解。此外，羟基扩展了电解质的氢键网络，进一步限制了水分子的活性。同时，醛基可以消耗产生的氢气，净化电解液环境。主要体现在更小的交换电流密度、更宽的电化学窗口和无枝晶的锌金属界面。在GA的作用下，Zn//Zn对称电池实现了3600小时的稳定运行（2.5 mA cm ^-2 , 0.5 mAh cm ^-2），Zn//Cu非对称电池实现了500次循环，平均库仑容量为99.1%效率（0.5 mA cm ^-2 , 0.5 mAh cm ^-2）。此外，Zn//V ₂ O ₅全电池还表现出优异的容量保持率和倍率性能，远远超过使用纯ZnSO ₄电解液的电池。