Multielectron Conversion: Peculiar Transition Metal Sulfides with Mixed Vulcanized States toward High-Capacity Metal-Ion Storage,Advanced Energy Materials

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Multielectron Conversion: Peculiar Transition Metal Sulfides with Mixed Vulcanized States toward High-Capacity Metal-Ion Storage
Advanced Energy Materials ( IF 24.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-05-26 , DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202300739
Qianqian Song ₁ , Ziyang Wu ₁ , Yun‐Xiao Wang ₂ , Shi Xue Dou ₃ , Jianping Yang ₁

Affiliation

Transition metal sulfides with mixed vulcanized states (TMS-mVs) possess tremendous potential to realize highcapacity, superior redox reactions, and structural reversibility for metal-ion (Mⁿ⁺) storage owing to their multielectron reactions caused by the simultaneous participation of transition metal (TM) cations and S₂²⁻ anions as well as multifarious TM or S valence states. Here, recent advances are systematically introduced regarding the mainstream TMS-mVs that can be applied to Mⁿ⁺ storage. These TMS-mVs can be divided into two categories of TMS, those with mixed sulfur-valence states (TMS-mSs) and those with mixed metal-valence states (TMS-mMs). It is found that TMS-mV anodes mainly experience three reaction mechanisms, inculding insertion-accompanied conversion, insertion, and conversion reactions. During the reversible charge process, Li₂S is possibly oxidized into polysulfides or even S. TMS-mVs have the ability to transfer more electrons than other homogeneous TMSs. TMS-mS anodes usually present higher theoretical specific capacities than TMS-mM anodes. In these TMS-mV anodes, Mo-based, V-based, and Co-based TMS-mM anodes exhibit good electrochemical reversibility, Ni-based TMS-mM anodes exhibit moderate electrochemical reversibility, and Fe-based TMS-mM and TMS-mS anodes exhibit poor electrochemical reversibility. The strategies for enhancement of their electrochemical performance are classified into composite, coating, nanostructure, heterointerface, and lattice engineering.

中文翻译：

多电子转换：具有混合硫化态的特殊过渡金属硫化物朝向高容量金属离子存储

混合硫化态过渡金属硫化物（TMS-mVs）由于过渡金属同时参与引起的多电子反应，具有实现高容量、优异的氧化还原反应和金属离子（M n + ）存储结构可逆性的巨大^潜力^（ TM) 阳离子和S ₂²⁻阴离子以及多种TM 或S 价态。这里系统介绍了可应用于M ⁿ^{+的主流TMS-mV的最新进展}贮存。这些 TMS-mV 可分为两类 TMS：混合硫价态 (TMS-mS) 和混合金属价态 (TMS-mMs)。研究发现TMS-mV阳极主要经历三种反应机制，包括插入伴随转化、插入和转化反应。在可逆充电过程中，Li ₂S 可能被氧化成多硫化物甚至 S。TMS-mV 比其他均质 TMS 具有转移更多电子的能力。TMS-mS 阳极通常比 TMS-mM 阳极具有更高的理论比容量。在这些TMS-mV阳极中，钼基、钒基和钴基TMS-mM阳极表现出良好的电化学可逆性，镍基TMS-mM阳极表现出中等的电化学可逆性，铁基TMS-mM和TMS- mS 阳极表现出较差的电化学可逆性。增强其电化学性能的策略分为复合材料、涂层、纳米结构、异质界面和晶格工程。

更新日期：2023-05-26

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