The pear is an economic fruit that is widely planted around the world and is loved by people for its rich nutritional value. Autophagy is a self-protection mechanism in eukaryotes, and its occurrence often accompanied by the degradation of damaged substances in cells and the recycling of nutrients. Autophagy is one of the mechanisms through which plants respond to environmental stress and plays an important role in plant development and stress resistance. Functional studies of autophagy-related genes () have been performed on a variety of plant species, but little information is available on the family in pear ( Rehd). Therefore, we analyzed the evolutionary dynamics and performed a genome-wide characterization of the gene family. A total of 28 members were identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PbrATGs were more closely related to s of European pear and apple. Evolutionary analysis revealed that whole-genome duplication (WGD) and dispersed duplication events were the main driving forces of family expansion. Expression analysis of different pear tissues showed that all the genes were expressed in different pear tissues, and different are expressed at different times and in different locations. Moreover, all also responded to different abiotic stresses, especially salt and drought stress, which elicited the highest expression levels. Pear seedlings were subsequently infected with (). The results showed that different had different expression patterns at different infection stages. According to the gene expression data, was selected as a key autophagy gene for further analysis. Silencing of reduced the resistance of pear to , which resulted in increased lesions, reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents, antioxidant enzyme activity, and gene expression levels in the silenced pear seedlings after inoculation. In this study, a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of was conducted, and the functions of in pear development and in response to stress were elucidated, which laid a foundation for further study of the molecular mechanism of autophagy and a new strategy for pear resistance breeding.

中文翻译：

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Pyrus bretschneideri 中 PbrATG 家族的全基因组鉴定和表征以及响应 Botryosphaeria dothidea 的 PbrATG1a 功能分析

梨是世界各地广泛种植的经济水果，以其丰富的营养价值深受人们喜爱。自噬是真核生物的一种自我保护机制，其发生往往伴随着细胞内受损物质的降解和营养物质的回收。自噬是植物响应环境胁迫的机制之一，在植物发育和抗逆性中发挥着重要作用。自噬相关基因 () 的功能研究已在多种植物物种中进行，但有关梨 (Rehd) 家族的信息很少。因此，我们分析了进化动力学并对基因家族进行了全基因组表征。共有28名成员被确定。系统发育分析表明PbrATGs与欧洲梨和苹果的s亲缘关系较近。进化分析表明，全基因组复制（WGD）和分散复制事件是家族扩张的主要驱动力。对不同梨组织的表达分析表明，所有基因在梨的不同组织中均有表达，且不同时间、不同部位的表达有所不同。此外，所有这些都对不同的非生物胁迫做出反应，特别是盐和干旱胁迫，这引起了最高的表达水平。梨苗随后被感染（）。结果表明，不同的感染阶段有不同的表达模式。根据基因表达数据，筛选出一个关键的自噬基因进行进一步分析。沉默降低了梨对 的抗性，导致接种后沉默梨苗的病斑、活性氧（ROS）含量、抗氧化酶活性和基因表达水平增加。本研究对自噬进行了全面的生物信息学分析，阐明了自噬在梨发育和响应胁迫下的功能，为进一步研究自噬的分子机制和梨抗性育种新策略奠定了基础。