Population genetic models only provide coarse representations of real-world ancestry. We used a pedigree compiled from 4 million parish records and genotype data from 2276 French and 20,451 French Canadian individuals to finely model and trace French Canadian ancestry through space and time. The loss of ancestral French population structure and the appearance of spatial and regional structure highlights a wide range of population expansion models. Geographic features shaped migrations, and we find enrichments for migration, genetic, and genealogical relatedness patterns within river networks across regions of Quebec. Finally, we provide a freely accessible simulated whole-genome sequence dataset with spatiotemporal metadata for 1,426,749 individuals reflecting intricate French Canadian population structure. Such realistic population-scale simulations provide opportunities to investigate population genetics at an unprecedented resolution.

中文翻译：

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关于魁北克的基因、谱系和地理

种群遗传模型仅提供对现实世界血统的粗略表示。我们使用从 400 万个教区记录和来自 2276 名法国人和 20,451 名法裔加拿大人的基因型数据编制的谱系，通过时空精细地建模和追踪法裔加拿大血统。法国祖先人口结构的丧失和空间和区域结构的出现突出了广泛的人口扩张模型。地理特征塑造了移民，我们发现魁北克地区河流网络中的移民、遗传和系谱相关性模式丰富。最后，我们提供了一个可免费访问的模拟全基因组序列数据集，其中包含 1,426,749 个人的时空元数据，反映了错综复杂的法裔加拿大人口结构。