In the last decade, several methods were applied to monitor the impact of oil pollution on marine organisms. Recent studies showed an eminent need to standardize these methods to produce comparable results. Here we present the first thorough systematic review of the literature on oil pollution monitoring methods in the last decade. The literature search resulted on 390 selected original articles, categorized according to the analytical method employed. Except for Ecosystem-level analyses, most methods are used on short-term studies. The combination of Biomarker and Bioaccumulation analysis is the most frequently adopted strategy for oil pollution biomonitoring, followed by Omic analyses. This systematic review describes the principles of the most frequently used monitoring tools, presents their advantages, limitations, and main findings and, as such, could be used as a guideline for future researches on the field.

在过去十年中，应用了多种方法来监测石油污染对海洋生物的影响。最近的研究表明，迫切需要对这些方法进行标准化以产生可比较的结果。在这里，我们对过去十年中关于石油污染监测方法的文献进行了首次全面的系统回顾。根据所采用的分析方法对 390 篇选定的原始文章进行了文献检索。除了生态系统层面的分析，大多数方法都用于短期研究。生物标志物和生物富集分析相结合是石油污染生物监测中最常采用的策略，其次是 Omic 分析。这篇系统综述描述了最常用监测工具的原理，介绍了它们的优点、局限性和主要发现，