Medium-chain monoglycerides (MG) have been reported to affect the productive performance, gut microbiota and health of broiler chickens reared in ideal experimental conditions at home and abroad. However, the effects of MG on performance, intestinal development and gut microbiota of chickens in large-scale farms during different feed stages remain unknown. The present study was conducted on a modern farm with a total of 12,000 yellow feathered broiler chicks that were randomly allotted to 2 groups (1000 chicks/replicate, 6 replicates/group) for a 70-day trial. The control group (CON group) received a basal diet, and the treated group (MG group) was fed a basal diet containing 300 mg/kg mixed MG. The results revealed that dietary MG significantly (P < 0.05) increased the body weight and average feed intake, but notably reduced the feed conversion and mortality of chickens in large-scale production during the starter phase. The villus height of the duodenum in the MG group at 1, 2 and 7 wk of age increased notably, and the villus height to crypt depth ratio at 1, 2, 5 and 10 wk of age was improved. Dietary MG decreased the serum insulin content of chickens at 5, 7 and 10 wk of age, and decreased the serum lipopolysaccharide at 3 and 7 wk of age. The triglyceride level of chickens at 3, 5 and 10 wk of age and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of chickens at 7 and 10 wk of age in the MG group decreased notably, while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased significantly. Moreover, MG supplementation selectively increased the relative abundance of genus Bacteroides (family Bacteroidaceae) and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, but decreased the content of genus Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Collinsella and family Barnesiellaceae in the cecum of chickens at 3, 7 and 10 wk of age. Conclusively, these findings showed that dietary MG notably enhanced chicken performance, health and feed nutrient utilization at early ages by regulating gut microbiota, intestinal development and serum biochemical indices.

据国内外报道，中链单甘油酯（MG）会影响理想实验条件下饲养的肉鸡的生产性能、肠道微生物群和健康。然而，MG对规模化鸡场不同饲料阶段鸡的生产性能、肠道发育和肠道微生物群的影响仍不清楚。本研究在一个现代化农场进行，共有 12,000 只黄羽肉鸡，随机分配到 2 组（1000 只雏鸡/重复，6 个重复/组）进行为期 70 天的试验。对照组（CON组）饲喂基础饲料，治疗组（MG组）饲喂含300 mg/kg混合MG的基础饲料。结果表明，日粮中添加MG显着（P  < 0.05）增加了鸡的体重和平均采食量，但显着降低了规模化生产中开胃期鸡的饲料转化率和死亡率。MG组1、2、7周龄十二指肠绒毛高度显着增加，1、2、5、10周龄绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值改善。日粮MG降低了5、7和10周龄鸡的血清胰岛素含量，并降低了3和7周龄鸡的血清脂多糖。MG组3、5、10周龄鸡的甘油三酯水平和7、10周龄鸡的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显着降低，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显着升高。此外，添加MG选择性地增加了鸡盲肠中拟杆菌属（Bacteroidaceae）和Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group的相对丰度，但降低了Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group 、 Collinsella和Barnesiellaceae科在第3、7和10周鸡盲肠中的含量。年龄。总之，这些研究结果表明，日粮 MG 通过调节肠道微生物群、肠道发育和血清生化指标，显着提高了鸡早期的生产性能、健康状况和饲料营养利用率。