Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have demonstrated great prospects in energy harvesting and self-powered sensing. However, the surface triboelectric charges are very easy to dissipate in the air atmosphere, especially after the contact electrification stops. Here, we propose ordered mesoporous SiO₂ (OMS) nanoparticles with a large specific surface area (SSA) as effective body charge storage sites inside polydimethylsiloxane (OMS-PDMS) to enhance the output performance of TENGs. With the addition of 1 wt% OMS nanoparticles, the transferred charges of the TENG showed a sharp enhancement, rising from 21 nC to 60 nC. The enhancement effect of OMS nanoparticles on the output increased linearly with SSA. In addition, the OMS-PDMS also demonstrated a superior charge retention ability, with 68 % of the voltage being retained over a long time after the contact separation motion stopped, while that of the pure PDMS quickly dropped to near zero. The instantaneous output power density of the TENG with OMS-PDMS reached 5.26 W/m², which is a 25-fold enhancement. This work proposed OMS nanoparticles with a large SSA as effective charge storage sites to enhance the output performance of TENGs.

摩擦纳米发电机 (TENG) 在能量收集和自供电传感方面显示出巨大的前景。然而，表面摩擦电荷很容易在空气中消散，尤其是在接触带电停止之后。在这里，我们提出有序介孔 SiO ₂(OMS) 具有大比表面积 (SSA) 的纳米粒子作为聚二甲基硅氧烷 (OMS-PDMS) 内部的有效体电荷存储位点，可提高 TENG 的输出性能。添加 1 wt% OMS 纳米粒子后，TENG 的转移电荷显示出急剧增强，从 21 nC 上升到 60 nC。OMS纳米粒子对输出的增强作用随SSA呈线性增加。此外，OMS-PDMS 还表现出优异的电荷保持能力，在接触分离运动停止后，68% 的电压可以长时间保持，而纯 PDMS 的电压迅速降至接近零。具有OMS-PDMS的TENG的瞬时输出功率密度达到5.26 W/m ²，这是一个 25 倍的增强。这项工作提出了具有大 SSA 的 OMS 纳米粒子作为有效的电荷存储位点，以提高 TENG 的输出性能。