Abstract. Data on income distributions within and across countries are becoming increasingly important to inform analysis of income inequality and to understand the distributional consequences of climate change. While datasets on income distribution collected from household surveys are available for multiple countries, these datasets often do not represent the same income concept and therefore make comparisons across countries, over time and across datasets difficult. Here, we present a consistent dataset of income distributions across 190 countries from 1958 to 2015 measured in terms of net income. We complement the observed values in this dataset with values imputed from a summary measure of the income distribution, specifically the GINI coefficient. For the imputation, we use a recently developed principal components-based approach that shows an excellent fit to data on income distributions compared to other approaches. We also present another version of this dataset aggregated from the country level to 32 geographical regions and the world as a whole. Our aggregation method takes into account both within-country and across-country income inequality when aggregating to the regional level. This dataset will enable more robust analysis of income distribution at multiple scales.

中文翻译：

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190 个国家净收入分配的一致数据集，从 1958 年到 2015 年汇总到 32 个地理区域和世界

摘要。国家内部和国家之间的收入分配数据对于分析收入不平等和了解气候变化的分配后果变得越来越重要。虽然从家庭调查中收集的收入分配数据集可用于多个国家，但这些数据集通常不代表相同的收入概念，因此难以进行不同国家、不同时间和不同数据集的比较。在这里，我们展示了从 1958 年到 2015 年以净收入衡量的 190 个国家/地区的收入分布的一致数据集。我们使用从收入分配的汇总度量（特别是 GINI 系数）估算的值来补充此数据集中的观察值。对于插补，我们使用最近开发的基于主成分的方法，与其他方法相比，该方法非常适合收入分配数据。我们还展示了该数据集的另一个版本，该数据集从国家层面汇总到 32 个地理区域和整个世界。我们的汇总方法在汇总到区域层面时考虑了国内和跨国收入不平等。该数据集将能够在多个尺度上对收入分配进行更稳健的分析。