In several countries, coffee is traditionally grown under the shade of large trees; however, the non-shade surface system has increased. Shade cultivation system benefits the soil, helps crops adaption to climate change, and reduces vulnerability. This study aimed to compare the physical, chemical, and biological soil features under coffee production systems: coffee-mango, coffee-banana, and full-sun coffee; to identify the nutritional variation of coffee plants in the three cultivation systems, and to establish recommendations for coffee production associated with other crops. Soil properties varied between the shaded and full-sun systems. The shade coffee systems had different pH, cation exchange capacity, potassium, and nitrogen concentrations, organic matter, carbon-, nitrogen-microbial biomass, and the number of earthworms from the full-sun coffee system. The coffee-mango association showed specific soil (exchangeable calcium, moisture, soil porosity, and aggregate stability index), foliar (calcium, potassium, nitrogen, iron, and chlorophyll a and b concentrations), and grain features (gold coffee yield, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorous concentrations) that make distinct from the other two coffee systems. The coffee-mango system positively influenced soil traits, nutrient concentration in leaves, production, yield, and nutritional status of the fruit. The production of coffee under full-sun adversely affects the soil and the coffee’s nutrition and yield. Therefore, the production of coffee should be in the traditional manner under shade trees. These results apply to coffee production under shade systems in other countries with similar agroecological conditions and to soil conservation as a pertinent vision under global climate change.

在一些国家，咖啡传统上种植在大树的树荫下；但是，非遮光表面系统增加了。遮荫栽培系统有益于土壤，有助于作物适应气候变化并降低脆弱性。本研究旨在比较咖啡生产系统下的物理、化学和生物土壤特征：咖啡-芒果、咖啡-香蕉和全日照咖啡；确定三种栽培系统中咖啡植物的营养差异，并为与其他作物相关的咖啡生产提出建议。阴影系统和全日照系统之间的土壤特性各不相同。遮荫咖啡系统具有不同的 pH 值、阳离子交换能力、钾和氮浓度、有机物、碳、氮微生物生物量、以及来自全日照咖啡系统的蚯蚓数量。咖啡-芒果关联显示特定土壤（可交换钙、水分、土壤孔隙率和聚集体稳定性指数）、叶面（钙、钾、氮、铁和叶绿素）a和b浓度）和谷物特征（金咖啡产量、钾、镁和磷浓度），这些特征与其他两种咖啡系统不同。咖啡-芒果系统对土壤性状、叶片中的养分浓度、产量、产量和果实的营养状况产生积极影响。在全日照下生产咖啡会对土壤和咖啡的营养和产量产生不利影响。因此，咖啡的生产应以传统方式在树荫下进行。这些结果适用于具有类似农业生态条件的其他国家在遮荫系统下的咖啡生产，以及在全球气候变化下作为相关愿景的土壤保护。